Guidelines for Intensive Care Unit Design （重症监护室的设计指南）.pdf

Guidelines for Intensive Care Unit Design Copyright © by the SOCIETY OF CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE These guidelines can also be found in the March 1995 issue of Critical Care Medicine -- Crit Care Med 1995 Mar; 23(3):582-588 Society of Critical Care Medicine 701 Lee Street Suite 200 Des Plaines, IL 60016 Phone: 847/827-6869 Society of Critical Care Medicine Guidelines for Intensive Care Unit Design Guidelines/Practice Parameters Committee of the American College of Critical Care Medicine Society of Critical Care Medicine Introduction The year 1983 marked the expiration of the Hill-Burton Act, a 1947 Federal regulation that provided funding and oversight for the design and construction of hospitals and other healthcare facilities (1). Since 1983, this oversight has been carried out by each individual State. In addition, organizations such as the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) and the National Fire Prevention Association (NFPA) have independently developed minimum standards for healthcare institutions. Although the standards set by these non-State agencies are technically considered non-binding, many governmental and private reimbursement organizations require compliance to qualify for reimbursement. The design of intensive care units (ICUs), or the modification of existing units, requires not only a knowledge of regulatory agency standards, but also the expertise of critical care practitioners who are familiar with the special needs of this patient population. In 1988, the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) developed guidelines for the design of ICUs (2). The following is a revised version comprising a cons