人际信任、知识特性在知识转移作用机制中调节效应探究.docVIP

人际信任、知识特性在知识转移作用机制中调节效应探究摘要：引入影响知识转移的两类因素：知识特性与人际信任，着重分析对知识距离与知识转移容易性关系的单一与联合调节效应。基于对369份样本数据的回归分析，得出高能力信任增加知识转移容易性，知识复杂性与隐含性均增加知识转移难度。结论是：高情感信任降低知识转移容易性、高能力信任在知识复杂时降低转移容易性。引用“过分信任”进行分析，发现过分信任导致知识转移双方拥有不完全相同的信息，双方误以为对方知道自己所知道的，存在“信息不对称”现象，影响转移容易性，最后给出理论意义与实践意义。 关键词：知识转移；能力信任；情感信任；隐含性知识；复杂性知识 中图分类号：F272.4文献标识码：A文章编号：1001—8409（2012）09—0024—06 The Moderating Effect of Knowledge Characteristics and Interpersonal Trust in the Knowledge Transfer Process WANG Yong—xing， ZHAO Xi—ping， ZHOU Mi， QU Yuan—mei （School of Management， Xi′an Jiaotong University， Xi′an 710049） Abstract： Introducing two types of factors that affect knowledge transfer： knowledge characteristics and interpersonal trust， this paper explores both single and combined moderating effects of knowledge characteristics and interpersonal trust on the relationship between knowledge distance and ease of knowledge transfer. Based on the regression analysis of 369 samples， it is concluded that： cognition—based trust promotes knowledge transfer， complex knowledge and tacit knowledge inhibit knowledge transfer. Surprisingly， affect—based trust does not facilitate knowledge transfer； cognition—based trust impedes knowledge transfer when complex knowledge is involved. We explain these findings by the notion of “over—trust”， and find that over—trust leads to information asymmetry between two partners， meaning that two partners own different information to influence their behaviors. This asymmetry in turn hinders knowledge transfer. Finally， theoretical and practical significances are discussed in this paper. Key words： knowledge transfer； cognition—based trust； affect—based trust； tacit knowledge； complex knowledge 引言 知识经济的兴起使知识成为企业获取竞争优势的重要资源[1]，知识能否在组织内不同员工之间有效传递共享将成为现代企业成功的关键因素，近年来，知识转移引起学界关注[2]。回顾文献与查阅文件资料相比，人们更倾向于向人际信息源寻求帮助，原因可能是人际互动能促进知识转移。知识转移中，有关知识特性的观点认为知识复杂性与隐含性对转移媒介的要求较高，降低知识转移容易性；有关人际信任的观点认为信任通过促进双方的转移意愿增加知识转移容易性[3]。本文尝试同时引入影响知识转移的这两类因素，采用Nonaka等认为知识转移不仅是不同类别知识之间的相互作用与转换过程，同时也是组织成员之间的社会互动过