翻译正反表达法及被动语态的翻译.pptVIP

（二）原文中的主语在译文中作宾语 What makes America exceptional are the bonds that hold together the most diverse nation on earth. The belief that our destiny is shared. 真正让美国与众不同的，是将这个地球上最多元化的国家的人民团结到一起的那些纽带。是我们共命运的信念。 （三）译成带表语的主动句 1）He (Barrymore) then continued his walk down the alley . His (Sir Charles’) body was found at the end of it . 然后巴里莫尔继续沿着小道走下去。查尔斯爵士的尸体就是在小道的尽头发现的。 （ （四）常用被动句型的翻译 有一类以it作为形式主语的英语句子，在译文中常要改成主动形式，有时不加主语，有时则加上不确定的主语，如“有人”、“大家”、“人们”、“我们”等。 1、不加主语时 It is hoped that … It is reported that… It is said that… It is supposed that… 希望… 据报… 据说… 据推测… It is asserted that… It is believed that… It is generally considered that… It is well known that… It will be said that… It was told that… 有人主张… 有人相信… 大家认为… 众所周知… 有人会说… 有人曾经说… 2、可以加主语的 It is generally accepted that the experiences of the child in his first years largely determine his character and later personality. 人们普遍认为，孩子们的早年经历在很大程度上决定了他们的性格及未来的人品。 汉语中也有用被动形式来表达的情况。这一类句子都着重被动的动作。有些说出了动作的主动者，有些则说不出动作的主动者。 ⒈ “被”字结构——不幸语态 “被捕”， “被剥削”，“被压迫”，“被杀”或“给”字结构 ⒉“受”，“遭” ⒊“为”字结构——“茅屋为秋风所破” （一）“被…”，或者“给…” You know its easier to get killed by a terrorist than get married over the age of 40. 你知道,女人过了40想出嫁就难了,被恐怖分子杀死都比这容易。 ——《西雅图夜未眠》 I love and am used to keeping a distance with those changed things . Only in this way can I know what will not be abandoned by time. 我喜欢并习惯了对变化的东西保持着距离，这样才会知道什么是最不会被时间抛弃的准则。 （二）“（遭）受…” Last year the region was visited by the worst drought in 60 years. 去年这个地区遭受到60年来最严重的旱灾。 （三）“为…所” But one hundred years later, the Negro is still not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. 然而100年过去了，黑人依旧没有获得自由，100年后，黑人的生活依旧很悲惨，为种族隔离的镣铐和种族歧视的锁链所摧残。 三、译成“把”、“由”和“使”字句 A) 译成“把”字句 He was regarded as a Republican by everybody, even though he had always thought of himself as an “Independent”. 所有的人都把他看作共产党人，尽管他一直认为自己是“无党派人士”。 B)译成“由”字句 The plan is go