无机砷在植物体内的吸收和代谢机制-应用生态学报.PDFVIP

应 用 生 态 学 报摇 2012年3月摇 第23卷摇 第3期摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 ChineseJournal of Applied Ecology,Mar. 2012,23(3):842-848 无机砷在植物体内的吸收和代谢机制* 刘艳丽摇 徐摇 莹摇 杜克兵摇 涂炳坤** (华中农业大学园艺林学学院,武汉430070) 摘摇 要摇 砷污染已成为全球非常突出且急需解决的环境问题,严重威胁人类健康和环境安 全.在自然环境和土壤系统中,砷的存在形态相当复杂,但植物砷毒害主要源于As(V)和As (芋)暴露.As(V)通过Pi 的吸收通道被植物根系吸收,并在还原酶(AR)作用下被快速还原 为As(芋).As(芋)通过NIP 蛋白通道进入植物体内,在砷甲基转移酶(ArsM)的作用下转化 为甲基化砷或与谷胱甘肽(GSH)、植物螯合肽(PC)等多肽的巯基螯合封存在根部液泡或转 运到地上部分,从而起到砷解毒的作用. 同时,植物吸收的一部分砷也可外排到外部介质.本 文以农作物尤其是水稻为主线,详述了As(V)和As(芋)吸收、外排及As(V)还原、As(芋)甲 基化、螯合作用的必威体育精装版研究进展,并提出了今后的研究重点. 关键词摇 无机砷摇 吸收摇 代谢摇 转运摇 植物 文章编号摇 1001-9332(2012)03-0842-07摇 中图分类号摇 X592摇 文献标识码摇 A Absorption and metabolism mechanisms of inorganic arsenic in plants:A review. LIU Yan鄄 li,XUYing,DU Ke鄄bing,TU Bing鄄kun (Collegeof Horticulture and Forestry Sciences,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan430070,China).鄄Chin.J.Appl.Ecol. ,2012,23(3):842-848. Abstract:Arsenic pollution seriously threatens human health and environment safety,being a very prominent environmental issue to be urgently solved in the world. In natural environment and soil systems,arsenic existsin complicatedforms,buttheplant arsenicpoisoning ismainlyfromAs(V) and As(芋) exposure. As(V) can be absorbed by plant roots through Pi channel,and reduced rapidly toAs(芋)by arsenatereductase. As(芋)canbetransportedintoplantsthrough NIPchan鄄 nel,and subsequently either transformed into methylated arsenic by arsenic methyltransferase or chelated with the thiol of GSH and PCs. These arsenic compounds can be sequestrated in root cell vacuoles or transported to plant aerial parts. Meanwhile, a part of absorbed arsenic can be discharged to external media. All of these can help to detoxify the