应用翻译第二讲课件.pptVIP

The Nature of Translation (本质) The Definition of Translation (定义) The Criteria for Translation (标准) The Process of Translation (步骤) Translator’s Competence (译者所应具备的能力) 6. The Methods of Translation (方法) ;What is the nature of translation? ;What is the nature of translation? ;The Nature of Translation;What is the nature of translation? ;;The Definition of Translation;The Definition of Translation; The Definition of Translation Linguistic views on translation: Translation is “the replacement of textual material in one language (Source Language) by equivalent textual material in another language.” (Catford) ;Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning, and second in terms of style. -- Eugene Nida;Communicative views on translation: The translator attempts to produce the same effect on the target language readers as was produced on the original source language readers. (Newmark) 翻译是异语交际活动，通过语言转换达到交际目的。（张泽乾）;Semantic views on translation: Translation is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that author intended the text. (Newmark) 把一种语言文字的意义用另一种语言文字表达出来。(《现代汉语词典》);Cultural views on translation: For truly successful translating, biculturalism is even more important than bilingualism, since words only have meanings in terms of the cultures in which they function. (Nida) 翻译是将一种语言文字所蕴含的意思用另一种语言文字表达出来的文化活动。 (王克非) ;General laws of translation (Tytler, 18英,泰特勒) 1. The translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work. 2. The style and manner of writing should be of the same character with that of the original. 3. The translation should have all the ease of original composition.; Criteria for translation 1) True to the original; 2) Vivid; 3) Smooth and natural; 4) Equivalence of response.;In China 1.玄奘：既须求真，又须喻俗 2.严复：译事三难：信，达，雅。求其信， 已大难矣！顾信矣，不达，虽译犹 不译也，则达尚焉。(1898) 3.鲁