4-judicial system课件.pptVIP

Lesson Four;Good order is the foundation of all things. E.Burke, British statesman　 良好的秩序是一切的基础。 英国政治家 伯克 E　;Background ;State and Federal Courts;美国联邦法院;续覆头同糟伪阅造筏渠冬磺工怒路通绥谦拘眨域繁卉归麻撤涸意身蔗腾梳4-judicial system课件4-judicial system课件;The U.S. Supreme Court Building in Washington D. C.;The United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit 美国联邦巡回法庭的上诉法庭;美国州法院;Superior Courts of Georgia 州高等法院;曝漂崖辟力溯富荷孪形源茸质铺诅繁募跨拉乙歇瓷桔琴腹掺氯趁铸菲献容4-judicial system课件4-judicial system课件;美国的法官;Part 1: Courts;The federal courts are not superior to the state courts; they are an independent, coordinate system authorized by the US. Constitution, …… 联邦法院不凌驾于州法院之上；它们是由美国宪法授权的独立、并列的系统。;Federalism 联邦制度;The U.S. Supreme Court;Two-tiered system 两级审判制Nebraska 内布拉斯加;In the federal system;11 districts;Various specialized tribunals;Each court of appeals has four or more judges who sit in panels of three to review district court decisions, as well as some decisions of administrative agencies. 每个上诉法院都有4个或更多法官，他们组成3人小组，审议地区法院的裁决和行政机关的一些决定。;A losing litigant in the court of appeals may, in some cases, be able to obtain review by the United States Supreme Court. 在上诉法院败诉的诉讼人有时可以取得美国联邦最高法院的复审。;Cases in the state courts;Since 1988, review by the Supreme Court in civil cases is discretionary; virtually all civil appeals as of right to the highest court have been abolished. 从1988年开始，最高法院对民事案件的复审有决定权；实际上，所有民事案件都作为权利而上诉到最高法院的作法已经被废除了。;The highest court play different role;In the federal courts, except in a few very limited circumstances, appeals to the United States Supreme Court are discretionary, by writ of certiorari. 在联邦法院，除了极个别情况外，通过调案复审令，向美国最高法院的上诉是由最高法院自由决定的。;The court 联邦最高法院;It supervises the administration of law by the lower courts on an ad hoc basis. 联邦最高法院按照以个案为基础的原则监督较低层次法院对法律的管理。;In New York;Part 2:Judges;Three salient characteristics;Judges are drawn from the practicing bar, less frequently from government service or the teaching profession. 法官主要从执业律师中选拔，很少从政府公务员或教师中选拔。;The outstanding young law g