初中英语定语从句讲解练习与答案..docVIP

定语从句 初中英语重点词汇 1. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little(1)many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词；都表示许多。例如： He has many books.他有许多书。 He drank much milk.他喝了许多牛奶。(2)a few和a little都表示有一点儿，侧重于肯定，相当于some，但a few修饰可数名词，a little修饰不可数名词，例如：He has a few friends in London.他在伦敦有一些朋友。Would you like some coffee? Yes, just a little.喝点咖啡好吗？好的，只要一点。 (3)few和little表示几乎没有，侧重否定。few后接可数名词，little后接不可数名词。例如：He is a strange man. He has few words.他是个怪人，他几乎不说什么话。Hurry up, there is little time left.赶快，没什么时间了。 seem/ look 　(1) seem一般着重于以客观迹象为依据，意思是“似乎、好象、看起来…”。 The baby seems to be happy.婴儿看上去似乎很高兴。He seemed to be sorry for that.他似乎为那件事感到抱歉。seem能与to do结构连用，而look不能。 It seems to rain. 似乎要下雨了。They seemed to have finished their work.他们似乎已经完成了工作。在it作形式主语的句型中只能用seem。 It seems that he is quite busy now.他现在看起来很忙。It seems to us that there is nothing serious.在我看来没什么大不了的。 (2) look用作“看起来；好像”时，常从物体的外观或样貌上来判断，是以视觉所接受的印象为依据的。 The room looks clean.这间房看起来很干净。The girl looks like her mother.那女孩看起来向她的妈妈。 定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。 定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。 如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。 引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why 关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语) 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。 在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here.