生态笔记1（Eco notes 1）.docVIP

生态笔记1（Eco notes 1） Section 1 what is the ecosystem? Between biological communities and their living environment, and the relationship between population, interaction, exchange, energy conversion and information through the material, become occupy a certain space, has a certain structure, perform certain functions of dynamic balance, called ecological system (ecosystem). The ecological system is an important research object of modern ecology since 1960s, many international research projects are focused on the ecology of ecological system, such as the international biological research program (IBP) is the main content of the research center of the global ecosystem (including terrestrial, freshwater and marine) the structure, function and biological productivity; man and biosphere plan (MAB) focuses on the study of human activities and the biosphere; 4 international organizations set up a ecological system to maintain cooperative group (ECG), the central task is to study the ecological balance and protect the natural environment, and maintain biological productivity improvement of ecological system. At present, the research on ecosystem is mainly focused on 5 aspects: 1. the protection of natural ecological system and the use of a variety of natural ecosystems have common characteristics of harmony, efficient and healthy, many field studies show that high in natural ecosystems and the species diversity and community stability. A healthy ecosystem is more valuable than a degraded one. It has higher productivity, meets the needs of human material, and provides a good environment for human survival. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the formation and development of natural ecosystems, the mechanism of rationality, and the impact of human activities on the natural ecosystems. Study on ecological regulation mechanism of 2. ecological system is a self - regulation (Self- regulation) system, the research include: natural, semi natural and artificial ecosystems s