松嫩平原盐碱地种稻开发的理论与技术问题-吉林农业大学学报.PDFVIP

吉林农业大学学报 2012 ，05 Journal of Jilin Agricultural University E-mail:jlndxb@ 松嫩平原盐碱地种稻开发的理论与技术问题∗ 赵兰坡，冯 君，王 宇，王鸿斌，耿玉辉，王淑华，李春林 吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118 摘 要：松嫩平原地处吉林省西北部和黑龙江省西南部，是由松花江和嫩江形成的冲积平原。盐土、碱土及盐碱化 草甸土是松嫩平原盐碱地的主要构成土壤，总面积约 300 万hm2 ，是本区最具开发潜力的土壤资源。科研和生产实践 证明，种稻是本区盐碱土改良利用的最有效途径之一，也是促进农民增收、农业增效及改善生态环境的最佳途径。 但这一措施，涉及到许多特殊土壤改良学理论和技术问题。本文从盐碱地种稻是否会加剧土壤次生盐渍化、种稻对 生态环境的影响、盐碱土的微域性、盐碱危害、土壤胶体高度分散以及“淡化表层”的建立与肥力培育等方面论述 了盐碱地种稻开发过程中，必须正确认识和把握的理论与技术问题。 关键词：松嫩平原；盐碱土改良理论；盐碱土改良技术；水稻 中图分类号：S156.4;S511 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-5684(2012) /kcms/detail/22.1100.S0959.007.html 网络出版地址： Theoretical and Technological Problems in the Development of Planting Paddy in Saline-alkali Land of Songnen Plain ZHAO Lan-po, FENG Jun, WANG Yu, WANG Hong-bin, GENG Yu-hui ，WANG Shu-hua, LI Chunlin College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China Abstract: Songnen plain is alluvial plain originating from Songhua River and Nenjiang River in Northwest Jilin province and Southwest Helongjiang province. Saline soil, alkaline soil and saline-alkali meadow soil are the primary 6 2 constitutions in saline-alkali land of Songnen plain with a total area of 3×10 hm , and they are considered to be the most potential soil resources. Research and practice showed that planting paddy on saline-alkali land is one of the best ways to improve saline-alkali soil, and a best way to improve farmers’ earnings, increase agricultural benefit and better ecological environment as well. But this measurement is correlated to a number of specific soil improvement theories and technical issues. Through the serial discussions of soil secondary salinization, ecological environment, micro-domain of saline-alkali soil, harm of salinization, highly dispersed soil colloids,