自由飞行论文：多通道冲突告警线索人因及工效学实验平台的设计及实现.docVIP

自由飞行论文：多通道冲突告警线索人因与工效学实验平台的设计与实现 【中文摘要】自由飞行是未来空中交通管理系统的核心概念,采用协同监视技术,即飞行员自主负责航空器之间的安全间隔,管制员将不再对航空器提供主动管制,而是被动监视。目前国外的研究发现,这种变化会导致管制员情境意识与冲突探测绩效下降,而引入自动化的冲突告警线索是主要的应对思路。然而,目前尚缺少这样一个好的实验平台用于对管制员作业绩效的研究。因此,本研究主要集中对多通道冲突告警线索人因与工效学实验平台的开发,用于在自由飞行的条件下,能够结合注意多资源理论、信号检测理论,通过实验室情境模拟的方法,探索在不同交通复杂度的条件下,冲突告警线索的通道类型、告警级别及其交互作用等对管制员脑力负荷、情境意识、作业绩效以及自动化信任等的影响。首先,本文对多通道冲突告警线索的通道类型、告警级别以及可靠性对管制员作业绩效的影响程度进行了简要的综述回顾,同时对高、中及低精确度ATC模拟系统发展现状进行了概括。其次,对多通道冲突告警线索人因与工效学实验平台进行了需求分析,并确定采用QT语言及XML技术进行实验平台的开发。第三,对多通道冲突告警线索人因与工效学实验平台进行了算法分析,为冲突告警功能的实现提供依据。最后,介绍多通道冲突告警线索人因与工效学实验平台的功能,并提出实验平台存在的优缺点及改进方案。本实验平台可以灵活控制实验所涉及的自变量和因变量,可以较好的进行管制界面模拟和管制任务模拟,为后续实验的顺利进行提供技术支持。另外,为我国新一代空中交通管理系统的管制雷达信息显示设计提供人因学依据。也为后续基于4D航迹(3维空间和时间)的飞行冲突监视与告警技术下管制员作业绩效的深度研究奠定基础。 【英文摘要】Free Flight is the key concept of future air traffic management system which will change the roles of air traffic controllers (ATCos) and pilots. Pilots would have primary responsibility for maintaining separation from other aircraft in the immediate airspace. Air traffic controllers would be passive monitors, rather than active controllers. Previous studies have indicated that ATCos situation awareness and conflict detection performance can be compromised due to the role change. Findings also have suggested the introduction of automated short term conflict alerting cues to the system would be the main coping strategy.So this study focus on the develope of multimodal conflict alert cues which to be used in the free flight conditions. In combination with multi-resource theory of attention and signal detection theory, the alerts could be used to explore the effects of its type, reliability, level, and their interactions on ATCos mental workload, situation awareness, performance, as well as automation trust under different traffic complexity scenarios.At first, this study briefly reviewed the effect of multimodal conflict cues of cue type, alerting level and reliability on ATCos抪erformance, then simplly summarized the development of ATC simulator syst