管理者工作环境与责任变化.pptVIP

3.5 多元化的工作职场 How to Think about Diversity 多元化 Diversity 人们在年龄、性別、人种、宗教、种族、性倾向、能力及经济社会背景上的不同或相同点。 represents all the ways people are unlike and alike – the differences and similarities in age, gender, race, religion, ethnicity, sexual orientation, capabilities, and socioeconomic background 多元化的来源Which Differences Are Important? 个性 Personality 个人相当稳定的实体与心智特征。 stable physical and mental characteristics responsible for a person’s identity 內部向度 Internal dimensions of diversity 在我们的生命中具有强力的、持续的影响因素，包括性別、年龄、人种、种族、性倾向、身体能力。 human differences that exert a powerful, sustained effect throughout every stage of our lives 多元化的来源Which Differences Are Important? 外部向度 External dimensions of diversity 我们在一生中所获得、失去或调整的因素。 consist of the personal characteristics that people acquire, discard, or modify throughout their lives include an element of choice 组织向度 Organizational dimensions 管理者地位、所属工会、工作地点、年资、工作滿意度，以及部门化分工。 include management status, union affiliation, work location, seniority, work content, and division 工作职场多元化的趋势Trends in Workforce Diversity 老年人口的比例相对增加。 More older people in the workforce 女性负责人比例越来越多。 More women working 有色人种就业人数越来越多。More people of color in the workforce 同性恋员工在职场上比异性恋员工受到更大压力。 Gays lesbians become more visible 身体或心理能力上的问题。 People with differing physical and mental abilities 大材小用。 Mismatches between education and workforce needs 多元化障碍Barriers to Diversity 刻板印象与偏见Stereotypes and prejudices 害怕反歧视 Fear of reverse discrimination 抗拒多元化计划Resistance to diversity program 排他性的社会氛围 Unsupportive social atmospheres 缺乏家庭支持 Lack of support for family demands 缺乏职业生涯规划 Lack of support for career-building steps 请根据下面三家公司的管理现状，判断它们的前途: 　　公司A：八点钟上班，实行打卡制。迟到或早退一分钟扣五十元；统一着装，必须佩带胸卡；每年有组织地搞一次旅游，每个员工每年要提4项合理化建议。　　公司B：九点钟上班，但不考勤。每人一个办公室，每个办公室可以根据个人的爱好进行布置；走廊的白墙上，信手涂鸦不会有人制止：饮料和水果免费敞开供应；上班时间可以去理发、游泳。　　公司C：想什么时候来就什么时候来；没有专门的制服，爱穿什么就穿什么，把自家的狗和孩子带到办公室也可以；上班时间去度假也不扣工资。 Case Study V 3.6 企业家精神 The Entrepreneurial Spirit