英美文学赏析 American literature chapter 1.pptVIP

Colonial America  Background The first permanent English settlement in North America at James town, Virginia in 1617. In 1629 the puritans established the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Independent War (1776-1783): the formation of the Federative bourgeois democratic republic--the United States of America. After the first voyage of Columbus in 1492, the early 17C witnessed the beginning of a great tide of emigration from Europe to North America. They built a new civilization on a once savage continent. In Novemeber 9, 1620, the Mayflower ship lands at Cape Cod, Massachusetts with 101 colonists. This marked the establishment of the first American colony and began the strenuous settlement in the world wholly new to them. During their settlement, the Native Americans who met them possessed a tragic history of subjugation and bloodshed those strangers from abroad. Colonial America American Puritanism Puritanism was a religious reform movement that arose within the Church of England in the late sixteenth century. Under siege from church and crown, it sent an offshoot（分支） in the third and fourth decades of the seventeenth century to the northern English colonies in the New World -- a migration that laid the foundation for the religious, intellectual and social order of New England. Puritans adhered to the Five Points of Calvinism: 1) unconditional election 2) limited atonement 3) total depravity 4) irresisitible grace 5) the perseverance of the saints. American Dream The American Dream is the faith held by many in the United States of America that through hard work, courage, and determination one an achive a better life for oneself, usually through financial prosperity. These were values held by many early European settlers, and have been passed on to subsequent generations. Nowadays the American Dream has led to an emphasis on material wealth as a measure of success and happiness. Representatives William Bradford Anne Bradstreet The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in Amer