英汉翻译期末练习.docVIP

英汉翻译期末练习 1. Any discussion of the American educational system would be less than complete if it did not mention the emphasis that many colleges and universities place upon the nonacademic, social, “extracurricular” aspect of education, often defined as personal growth. 翻译：如果对美国教育体系的讨论未能涉及许多学院及大学教育中非学术性的、社会的及“课程外”的方面，即其对个性成长的重视，那么这种讨论就不全面。 [精解] 本题考核的知识点是：条件状语从句、后置定语。 该句子是含条件状语从句的主从复合句。句子的主干是：Any discussion …would be less than complete。If条件从句翻译时应前置，其中代词it指代主句主语Any discussion…。条件句中又含有that引导的定语从句修饰the emphasis。定语从句的主干是：… universities place （emphasis）upon the …education，句子最后的分词结构（which is）defined as personal growth是前面名词短语the nonacademic, social,“extracurricular”aspect of education的后置定语。由于名词短语中已含有多个形容词做定语，因此，句末的后置定语应采用拆译法，译成同位语。 词汇方面：place emphasis upon (sth.)强调，重视；extracurricular课外的，业余的，extra-前缀意为“在外，外面”；personal growth个人成长。 2. Experience with campus organizations and off-campus community involvement can be highly valuable in preparing international students for future leadership in their professional field upon their return home. 翻译：参与校园内的各种组织活动和校外团体活动的经验在培养国际学生归国后在其专业领域发挥领导作用方面是极有价值的。 [精解] 本题考核的知识点是：介词短语、词性转换。 这是个简单句，其主干是experience can be valuable，句子中的修饰成分基本上都是介词短语。主语experience后with …involvement结构做后置定语，翻译时将它提前；in preparing结构做状语，译为“在??方面”。 词汇方面：off-campus校外，off-前缀意为“不在…上，离开，去掉”；involvement意为“参与，加入”，文中转译为动词。Upon可意为“…之后”。 3. On most campuses, one can find an international club, which includes Americans, where students can get to know and learn socially from students from other countries, as well as Americans. 翻译：在大多数的校园里都有国际俱乐部，成员包括美国学生。在俱乐部里，学生（包括美国学生）通过与来自其他国家的学生的社会交往相互认识并学习。 [精解] 本题考核的知识点是：定语从句。 句子主干是one can find an international club，句首介词短语On most campuses做地点状语，club后接有which和where分别引导的两个定语从句。由于从句较长，采用拆译法单独成句。而且由于两个定语从句共用一个先行词club，因此它需要译两次。 词汇方面：socially意为“在社交方面” 4. I must say that I have never heard, from any Western pacifist, an honest answer to this question, though I have heard plenty of evasions, usually of the “you’re another” type. 翻译：我必须说，我从未从任何一个西方和平主义者那里