自己Grammar Function.ppt

Module 6 War and Peace If they had reached the beach, they would probably have been killed. A. Did they reached the beach? B. Were they killed? C. Is the sentence describing something that really happened? 虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测、或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。 1. If I were you, I would go there. 2. If I had had time yesterday, I would have gone there. 3. I wish I had not done this terrible thing. 4. I suggested she (should) buy this book. （一）虚拟语气用于条件从句 1.If I were you, I should study English. 2. If he had had time, he would have attended the meeting. 3. If they had reached the beach, they would probably have been killed. 4. If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting. 5. If it were to rain tomorrow, we would not go out. 注意几点： 1. 有时，用without短语代替 if 从句虚拟语气。 Without water, there would be no living things. 条件状语从句中虚拟语气的构成 1) 与过去事实相反： 从句 had done, 主句would/ should/ could/ might/+have done e.g. 如果有人提醒他, 他就不会吃那些 食物了。 If he had been warned, he would not have taken that food. 2) 与现在事实相反： 从句did/ were, 主句would/ should/ could/ might + do e.g. 如果我是你, 我就拒绝做这件事。 If I were you, I would refuse to do it. wish +宾语从句(虚拟语气), 表示不可能实现的愿望 1) 与过去事实相反, 从句用过去完成式：had done 2) 与现在事实相反, 从句用过去式：did/ were 3) 与将来事实相反, 从句用should/ would/ could/ might +do e.g. 我真希望我从来没遇到过他。 I I wish I had never met him. 我真希望像你一样强壮。 I wish I were as strong as you. 但愿你这次获得成功。 I wish you would succeed this time. as if 引导的方式状语从句常用虚拟语气 1) 当从句里的时间先于主句的时间时,从句用过去完成时 had done. e.g. He talks as if he had been to the moon. 他高谈阔论就好像去过月球一 样。 2) 当从句里的时间与主句的时间是同一时间时,从句用过去式did/ were. e.g. He talked as if he were Napoleon. 他说话的时候就好像他是拿破伦 一 样。 3) 当从句里的时间后于主句的时间时, 从句用would do. e.g. He talked as if he would go to the moon. 他高谈阔论就好像要去月球一样。 would rather 后接从句,也可用虚拟语气 1) 叙述现在或将来的事情, 从句谓语动词用过去式。 如: I would rather you stayed here.