后殖民翻译理论.pptVIP

Introduction Postcolonial Translation Theory=translation theory +literary theory Colony : a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home states system of government. Postcolonialism is formally proposed by Gayatri C. Spivak 殖民主义（经济侵略＋政治侵略＋军事侵略＋国家主权的控制） 后殖民主义（文化侵略＋知识渗透＋语言控制＋文化霸权） Post-colonial state Postcolonial Academic trend 20C60s based on destructuralism Relationship Different opinions Douglas Robinson: Nationalism Elitism 1. Translation and Empire Translation: The most common terms associated with translation over the two thousand or more years that it has been studied are meaning, equivalence，accuracy，technique，and so on—concepts that are purely technical (‘how to’) and evaluative (‘how good’) and that point to an activity performed on words，sentences and whole texts． Translation has traditionally been thought of in highly mechanical ways：as an impersonal process of transferring a meaning from a source text to a target text without changing it significantly． Empires are large, scale military, political and economic bodies covering centuries in time and whole continents in space：they involve the complex interactions and transactions of invasions and resistance，occupation and accommodation，propaganda and education，domination and submission and so on．An empire is a political system based on military and economic domination by which one group expands and consolidates its power over many others—usually one nation over many other nations． Traditionally, reasons of Empire—building: ①economic gain ②strategy and security ③ moral obligations ④ Social Darwinism At worst, empires destroy entire peoples and cultures； at best，they bring about a fruitful mixing and mingling of cultures that gives new life blood to isolated communities． 2. What does postcolonial mean? 3. The Rise of Postcoloni