专四篇章阅读理解题型概要1.ppt

篇章阅读理解题型 一、主旨类题 主题 标题 主题思想 二、细节类题 三、语义类题 利用推测猜词， 利用构词法猜词 利用生活经验和常识 四、判断推理类题 隐含意义类题 观点类问题 结论类题 态度语气类题 写作目的类题 一、 主旨类题 可分为三种：主题、标题、主题思想。 主题类问题： 1)The passage (the second paragraph）is mainly about_____. 2)The passage ( the first paragraph ) mainly discusses___. 3) What is the topic( subject) of this passage( the first paragraph) ? 4) This passage focuses on____. 标题类 What would be the best (most appropriate ) title for this passage ? This passage could be entitled ______. 主题思想类 1) What is the main /central idea of this passage? 2) The second paragraph is intended to tell us that______. 二．细节类题 比例约占５０％以上 做题时应注意: １）细节的理解:略读（篇章理解）－跳读（找到相关内容）－细读（在理解了全篇的基础上，结合上下文，理解相关内容）－选项 ２）排除干扰项 3） 要看清问题：细心，耐心，小心。 三 语义类题 三种：词义、句义和指代词，这类问题都要求在上下文中理解实际含义。 词义理解题 词义的猜测主要从两方面着手：通过上下文（推测线索、定义线索、同义线索、反义线索等）和利用构词法。 1）利用推测猜词 根据其他词的意思、词语的搭配或整句的意思或前后句的叙述猜词。　 The female mosquito is a vampire and lives on blood. Mary piqued John by refusing his invitation. 2)利用定义猜词 表示定义的词语或短语的信号词：be, mean, in other words, that is, namely, or, be called, be known as , refer to, i.e.等 定语、同位语及其从句 有些标点符号是对前面内容的解释，如逗号，冒号，破折号及括号等。 Examples: Anthropology is the scientific study of man ． The invention of snorkel, a long air tube that reaches up to the surface, has made it possible for submarines to use their diesel engine even when they are submerged. 3) 利用举例猜词 标志词：Such as, for example, for instance, like, e.g. Phobia, such as fear of heights, fear of water, or fear of crowds can be eliminated through conditioning. 4) 利用同义猜词 同义词，近义词或解释性的词语 Cathy did a fine job managing the boutique and was able to attract many new customers to the specialty store. 5）利用反义猜词 标志词：although, but, however, whereas, nevertheless, on the contrary, in contrast, while, on the other hand, instead, rather than 等 The henpecked husband, never the dominant type, always let his wife order him around. ６）根据复述猜测词义 　【例一】Semantics， the study of the meaning of words， is necessary if you a