自己现在完成进行时和过去完成进行时区别.ppt

一.现在完成时 现在完成时由“助动词have/has+过去分词”构成。1、表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态到说话时刚刚完成或结束.通常使用不具有延续意义的动词，arrive, become, begin, break等。常和以下时间状语连用：up to now, so far, already, not...yet, recently, in the past few years, just。 I have already posted the photos.我已经把照片寄出了。 I have just finished my work.我刚刚完成工作。 2、表示从过去某时开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态，也许还将继续下去。。 They have lived in Beijing since 2002.他们自从2002年以来就住在北京。 My brother has been ill for two days. 我弟弟病了两天了。 3、用在“It(This) is the first/second/third…time+ that从句”中 This is the first time I have been here.这是我第一次来这里。 Itll be the first time Ive spoken in public.这将是我第一次当众讲话。 4、 “It (This)is the best( worst, most interesting等) + 名词+从句”结构中的从句要求用现在完成时 This is the best film I’ve ever seen.这是我所看过得最好的一部电影。 This is the most interesting novel he has ever written.这是他写得最好的一部小说。 二 过去完成时 构成：“助动词had+过去分词” 。 1、过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。 By the time he was twelve, Edison had begun to make a living by himself.12岁时，爱迪生就开始自己谋生。 When we got to the cinema, the film had already begun.当我们到达电影院时，电影已经开始了。 三 现在完成进行时 构成：“助动词have/has been+ -ing形式” （1）现在完成进行时表示过去的动作持续到现在并有可能延续下去的动作。常和for，since引导的时间状语连用。 -Hi, Tracy, you look tired. 你好，特蕾西！你看上去很疲劳。 -I am tired. I have been painting the living room all day.我很累。我刷了一整天房子。 They have been living here for 10 years. 他们住在这里十年了。 （2）表示一个动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到说话时候刚结束。 I have been waiting you for about one hour.我等你大约一个小时了。(说话时等的动作刚结束) She has been working all night long.她工作了一夜。 3）表示重复（只断断续续，而非一直不停） We’ve been discussing the matter several times this year.我们今年已数次讨论那件事。 I have been saying goodbye to some friends today.我今天同好几个朋友告了别。 四 有些现在完成进行时的句子等同于现在完成时的句子。 They have been living in this city for ten years. They have lived in this city for ten years. I have been working here for five years. I have worked here for five years. 五 大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。 I have been writing a book.（动作还将继续下去） 我一直在写一本书。 I have written a book.（动作已经完成） 我已经写了一本书。 They have been building a bridge. 他们一直在造一座桥。 They have built a bridge. 他