研究生专业外语五单元.pptVIP

Chapter 5 Computer ;New Words;New Words;New Words;New Words;Notes ;Notes ;Notes ;Notes ;Notes ;Notes ;Notes ;Notes ;Notes ;Notes ;Notes ;Notes ;Notes ;Notes ;Notes ;Notes ;Notes ;Exercises ;Transition of Sentence Patterns; 1. 否定变肯定译法 该方法是将原文中否定的表达形式译成肯定形式。 (1) Until recently geneticists were not interested in particular genes. 基因学家们最近才开始对特定基因感兴趣。 (2) Dont start working before having checked the instrument thoroughly. 要对仪器彻底检查才能开始工作。; 1. 否定变肯定译法 (3) The flowing of electricity through a wire is not unlike that of water through a pipe. 电流过导线就像水流过管子一样。;反说正译 常常需要反说正译的语言为含no或not的一些短语。如：no less than简直就是；no less…than和…一样；no other than只得；none other than正是；nothing but只是；no choice but只得；以及一些带有词缀的词，如:unfold展开；disappear消失；carelessly马马虎虎地；dislike厌恶；unpleasant难听/闻的，等等。;Transition of Sentence Patterns;2. 肯定变否定译法 是将原文中肯定的表达形式译成否定形式。 (1) The influence of temperature on the conductivity of metals is slight. 温度对金属的导电性影响不大。 (2) As rubber prevents electricity from passing through it, it is used as insulating material. 由于橡胶不导电，所以用作绝缘材料。 (3) There are many other energy sources in store. 还有多种其他能源尚未开发。 ;正说反译 常常需要正说反译的词和短语有：deny否决，否定→不给予；miss错过→没赶上(交通工具)，没听/看到或没听/看懂；live up to one’s expectations不/没辜负……的期望；divert attention from将注意力从……移开→没有意识到；be absent未出席，缺席，没来；far from很不；final最终的→不可改变的；idly漫不经心地；be at a loss不知所措；rather than而不是；以及neither, seldom, rarely, differently等我们熟悉的表否定的词。; It was beyond his power to sign such a contract. 他无权签订这种合同。 The first bombs missed the target. 第一批炸弹没有击中目标。 Such a chance denied me. 我没有得到这样一个机会。（无缘于此机会） We may safely say so. 我们这样说万无一失/没有错。 I do think that it is beyond his power to fulfill the task. 我的确认为要完成这项任务是他力所不及的。 ;3. 主动变被动译法 在具体文章中，如果原文主动句正面译出比较困难，或者译成汉语被动句更能准确表达原意、汉语行文更为方便时，可对原文主动句译成汉语的被动句。 (1) The properties of materials have dictated nearly every design and every useful application that the engineer could devise. 工程师所能设想的每一种设计和每一种