英文版-Indiana_University_Purdue_University_Fort_Wayne微生物学授课讲义 lecture 10.pptVIP

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英文版-Indiana_University_Purdue_University_Fort_Wayne微生物学授课讲义 lecture 10.ppt

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英文版-Indiana_University_Purdue_University_Fort_Wayne微生物学授课讲义 lecture 10

Staphylococci and Streptococci BIOL 533 Lecture 10 Staphylococci Important human pathogen Causes both relatively minor and serious diseases One of the hardiest of the non-sporeforming bacteria Can exist on dry surfaces for a long period Relatively heat-resistant; temperature range of 18° - 40° C Staphylococci Morphology Gram+ grape-like cluster, but in clinical specimens, can be a single cocci or diplococci General physiological characteristics Nonmotile Facultatively anaerobic Catalase + Grows in media containing 10% NaCl Staphylococci Relationship to disease (only 3 important) S. aureus—causes a number of diseases S. epidermidis—present in normal flora (normally benign, except when introduced via catheters, etc.) S. saprophyticus—causes uninary tract infections Staphylococci Microbial physiology and structure Capsule may not be found growing on media, but it is usually present in vivo Teichoic acids are phosphate containing polysaccharides bound to both peptidoglycan and cytoplasmic membrane Species specific Poor immunogens, but when bound to peptidoglycan, get an antibody response Pathogenesis of S. aureus Features typical of staphylococci infections: Initial lesion is normally mild and localized Results in a boil—normally, it is self-limiting Can result in systemic infection Pathogenesis of S. aureus Stage I: encounter—humans are major reservoir for S. aureus Colonize nose and are found in about 30% of individuals Transiently found on skin, oropharynx, and feces Transmitted via: Hand contact Aerosols from pneumonia patients Pathogenesis of S. aureus Stage I, continued Certain occupations are more prone to colonization Physicians, nurses, hospital workers Certain classes of patients are more prone to colonization Diabetics, hemodialysis patients, and drug abusers Pathogenesis of S. aureus Stage II: entry—not normally through unbroken skin Can enter if large numbers have accumulated through poor hygiene Pathogenesis of S. aureus Stage III: spread and multipli