翻译第四课(流水句、复杂长句).pptVIP

八、流水句 一个小句接着一个小句，前后紧挨的小句有紧密的意合关系，没有关联词，且小句往往自有主语。 这种汉语特有句式形散而神不散，不必强求一统，可以拆句。多译为若干个以主谓结构为主干的分立单位或平列散句，并根据句法适当添加关联词，语序一般无须调整。 1.不一会，北风小了，路上浮尘早已刮净，剩下一条洁白的大道来，车夫也跑得更快。 Presently the wind dropped a little. By now the loose dust had all been blown away, leaving the roadway clean， and the rickshawman quickened his pace. （拆句） 2.一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语四溢。（神不散） One spring evening, with myriads of flowers in full bloom in garden, my parents held a garden party in honor of many guests, whose arrival at once filled the place with laughing chats.（合句须抓主干、分层次、增关联、显衔接） 九、复杂长句 具有多重结构、多层意思，与流水句所含小句相对独立、各有主语不同，句段与句段之间的关系复杂、不一定有独立主语而是多句段分享主语，而且往往有关联词的使用。 1.我们不但要有一个农、林、牧、渔、布局合理、全面发展，能够满足人民生活和工业发展需要的发达的农业，还要有一个门类齐全、结构合理，能够满足社会消费和整个国民经济发展需要的先进的工业。（凭借关联词抓住主干，即可确定句子结构） We not only need a developed agriculture system with a rational distribution and all-round development of farming, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline production and fishery, meeting the needs of the people’s life and an expanding industry , but also an advanced industrial system which is complete in range and rational in structure and which meets the needs of consumers and the expansion of the whole national economy. 2. 但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待工作、生活的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。（判断逻辑、句式、重心、层次，考虑语序） However, it would not be that difficult to make an appropriate evaluation of the meaning of one’s life, if we, on the whole, can find out whether his attitude towards his life is serious or not and what is his attitude towards his life and work. 3.进入新世纪后，国际安全形势、周边安全形势乃至国内安全形势中发生的一系列事件使人们更深刻地认识到，当今国家安全问题已经在传统的政治与军事安全的基础上，发展成为全面的综合问题。(结构性分析：句段间关联紧密不能独立，须抓住语义重心并突出） A deeper understanding has been reached that today’s national security has evolved from the traditional security based on political and military issues into an all-round, comprehensive concept after the new century witnessed a series of events which had impact on the issues concerning world security, surrounding security and domestic security. 4.汉字中的“巫”字，字型上就