翻译第6讲.pptVIP

翻译第6讲 Translation is a process concerning two languages. Since there are differences in the structures, grammar, and expressions between the two languages, sometimes conversion is necessary. This part is mainly about the conversion of word classes,(词类转换) conversion of sentence members（转换句子成分）, and conversion of perspectives.(转换视角) Conversion of English Nouns 英语名词的转译 1. 由动词派生的名词 nouns derived from verb 2. 具有动作意义的名词 nouns denoting actions 3. 以-er，-or,-ant 等结尾表示身份或职业的名词 One after another, speakers called for the downfall of imperialism, abolition of the system of exploitation of man-by-man, liberation of the oppressed of the world. 发言人一个接一个表示要打倒帝国主义，要消灭人剥削人的制度，要解放全世界被压迫的人民。 His acceptance of bribes led to his arrest. 他因受贿而被捕. Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. 火箭用来探索宇宙。 The teacher had to water down the course for a slow-learning class. 教师不得不降低课程的要求以迁就慢班的学生。 My mouth watered at the prospect of a good dinner. 看见一桌好的饭菜，我口水都流出来了。 water down whiskey加水冲淡威士忌 The nurse diluted the drug with saline water. 护士用生理盐水把药加以稀释。 刘宓庆观点 英译汉中最重要、最常见的词类转换是名词和动词之间的转换。动词、名词之间的转换之所以最频繁，主要是由于英汉双语之间的差异，汉语中动词用的多，英语中名词用的多。动词、名词之间的转换有时成了我们不得不采取的唯一手段，除转换词类外，别无他法（2006:321-322)。《英汉翻译技能指引》，中国对外翻译出版公司） He admires the President’s stated decision to fight for the job. 他对总统声明为保住其职位而决心奋斗表示钦佩。 My admiration for him grew more. 我对他越来越钦佩。 Indo-China is a drain on French resources. 印度支那战争不断消耗法国的资源。 The international food shortage had a direct impact on Kuwait and other barren desert countries. 全球性粮食短缺现象直接影响了科威特等贫瘠的沙漠国家。 It is mighty to make him work on Saturdays, when all the boys are having holiday, but he hates work more than anything else, and I’ve got to do some of duty by him, or I’ll be ruination of the child. 星期六其他孩子都在过假日，你让他干活有点有点难为他。可是他压根儿恨透了干活儿，比什么都恨，我非得尽些责任不可，不然，我会毁了孩子。 Exhaust gases from boilers, vehicles, etc., cause air pollution in cities. 锅炉和车辆等排出废气，污染了城市的空气。 Insulin is used in the treatment of diabetes, which is marked by a rise in blood sugar