管理经济学17.ppt

Communication Learning Objectives Outline the main elements of a communication system. Explain why it is important to match media to a message. Discuss the formal and informal channels through which information flows in organizations. Identify the sources of noise that lead to miscommunication within organizations. Discuss the steps managers can take to counteract noise and improve communication within their organizations. Communication The process by which information is exchanged and understood between people Transmitting the sender’s intended meaning is the essence of good communication Managers Use Communication to: Transmit information about their goals, strategies, expectations, management philosophy, and values Build commitment among subordinates to their programs and policies, convince allies in their network to support them, persuade their bosses that they are performing well, and influence stakeholders Achieve coordination between different units within an organization, such as RD, marketing, and production Help shape the image of themselves that they present to the world Professional Business Communication Advice Don’t interrupt – this is really looked down upon Use meetings to get to know your co-workers Let speakers in meetings speak freely about their needs Americans value time, so stick to the issues on the agenda Avoid personal confrontations Don’t tell foreign jokes, they don’t work in translation Model of the Communication Process Communication Channels Verbal Communication Any oral or written means of transmitting meaning through words including face-to-face meetings, telephone conversations, written memos, and e-mail messages Media richness – The volume and variety of information that a sender and receiver can transmit during a specific time Flaming – The act of sending an emotionally charged message to others Europe Heads for the E-mail Nonverbal Communication Any part of communication that does not use words Messages sent through