数字电路与逻辑设计13.ppt

7. Information given to an assembler such as where to begin executing instructions is provided by a. the BIOS b. system programs c. executable instructions d. assembler directives ? 2008 Pearson Education 8. The CPU is not involved in a. arithmetic instructions b. loop instructions c. software interrupts d. direct memory access ? 2008 Pearson Education 9. For the circuit shown, the output will be a. LOW b. HIGH c. high impedance d. not enough information to tell ? 2008 Pearson Education HIGH LOW ? 10. The IEEE 488 bus standard a. is a serial bus with 2 types of devices b. is a parallel bus with 2 types of devices c. is a serial bus with 3 types of devices d. is a parallel bus with 3 types of devices ? 2008 Pearson Education Answers: 1. a 2. c 3. b 4. b 5. a 6. a 7. d 8. d 9. c 10. d ? 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved Floyd, Digital Fundamentals, 10th ed ? 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved Floyd, Digital Fundamentals, 10th ed Digital Fundamentals Tenth Edition Floyd Chapter 13 ? 2008 Pearson Education Summary Computer Block Diagram The central processing unit (CPU) controls the operations by issuing a fetch to memory for an instruction, then executes it. Memory stores instructions and data until needed by the CPU. The ports are the I/O connections to the peripherals. The buses are groups of conductors with a common purpose. Peripherals are devices for inputting or outputting information. Summary Software Software is all of the instructions that determine what operations are performed. System software is the operating system of the computer and acts as the system manager. Application software includes the various programs used to accomplish a task. The BIOS is a portion of the operating system called “firmware” because it is a permanent part of the system software in ROM (read-only memory). Summary Microprocessors Four blocks are common to all microproce