(通用版)2016高考英语二轮复习语法填空和短文改错第三讲语法专题四动词的时态、语态和语气研究.ppt

易错警示 当suggest作“暗示，表明”，insist作“坚持认为”时，从句要用陈述语气。 ? His silence suggested that he agreed with my decision.他的沉默表明他同意我的决定。 ? He insisted that he hadn’t stolen the money.他坚持说他没有偷过钱。 2．在“It is/was ＋adj./done＋ that...”句型中，从句中的谓语动词用(should)＋动词原形。常见的形容词或过去分词有：important，necessary，strange，suggested，ordered，advised，requested，demanded 等。 ? It is necessary that we (should) clean the room every day.我们每天打扫房间是有必要的。 ? It is required that middle school students (should) take at least one hour exercise every day.中学生被要求每天至少进行一个小时的锻炼。 3．wish后的宾语从句中的谓语可用一般过去时、had＋过去分词和could/might/would＋动词原形，分别表示与现在、过去和将来情况相反。 ?(2015·高考天津卷)I wish I had been at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday，but I was on a business trip in New York then.我多么希望上周二我参加了我妹妹的婚礼，但是我当时在纽约出差。 ? I wish you could give me the book you borrowed from me last week tomorrow.我希望你明天把你上周从我这儿借的书还给我。 4．would rather所接的宾语从句中，从句的谓语如果表示现在或将来要发生的动作，从句用一般过去时；如果表示过去发生过的动作，从句用过去完成时。 ? I would rather you came to see me tomorrow.我宁愿你明天来看我。 ? I would rather you hadn’t told me the fact.我宁可你没有告诉我实情。 (二)其他句型中的虚拟语气 1．as if/as though 引导的表语从句或方式状语从句中，从句中用一般过去时表示与现在的事实相反的情况，用had＋过去分词表示与过去的事实相反的情况，用would/could/might＋动词原形表示与将来的事实相反的情况。 ? Don’t handle the vase as if it were made of steel.不要这么拿着这个花瓶，就好像它是钢制成似的。 ? He stood up and offered her his seat，as if he had read her mind.他站起来主动给她让座，他好像读懂了她的心思。 易错警示 当句子所叙述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，从句要用陈述语气。 2．if only引导的感叹句或条件句中，从句中用一般过去时表示与现在的事实相反的情况，用“had＋过去分词”表示与过去的事实相反的情况，用“would/could/might＋动词原形”表示与将来的事实相反的情况。 ? Look at the trouble we are in.If only we had taken our teacher’s advice！看看我们所处的困境，要是我们当初听从老师的建议该多好！ ? If only I could speak several foreign languages.我要是能说几门外语就好了。 3．在“It is (high)time ＋(that)．..”句型中，谓语动词用过去式或“should＋动词原形”，意为“该是……的时候了”。 ? Jack is a great talker.It’ s high time that he did something instead of just talking.杰克总是夸夸其谈，他该做点事了，而不是仅仅空谈。 [即时训练] 单句改错 1．(2015·浙江杭州七校期末联考改编)When you phoned me，I was having a meeting；how I wish I have answered your call. ____________________________________________________ 解析：句意：当你给我打