青年恩格斯哲学思想研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 摘 要 恩格斯是德国伟大的哲学家、思想家和革命家，是马克思的亲密战友和马克思主义 创始人之一。青年恩格斯能够取得较大的哲学成就，其中大部分得益于他多元的思想渊 源。青年恩格斯批判地继承了德国古典哲学中黑格尔和费尔巴哈的思想、英国古典政治 经济学中亚当·斯密和大卫·李嘉图的思想以及19 世纪英法空想社会主义者中圣西门、 傅立叶和欧文的思想，形成了辩证唯物主义历史观和自然观的思想萌芽，探讨了科学技 术转化成生产力的积极和消极作用，揭示了资本主义私有制的种种罪恶，最终提出人与 自然以及人与自身和解，即“两个和解”的思想。青年恩格斯的哲学思想虽然处于萌芽 阶段，但为其晚年理论的成熟以及为马克思主义哲学的形成奠定了坚实的基础。青年马 克思对青年恩格斯的哲学思想的深化和拓展，为马克思主义相关理论的提出起到了巨大 的推动作用。此外，在建设中国特色社会主义现代化进程中，青年恩格斯的哲学思想中 关于人民群众是历史创造者、科学技术的双重作用以及“两个和解”的思想是坚持以人 为本、建设创新型国家、走可持续发展道路的方针政策的理论依据。 关键词 唯物史观 自然观 科学技术 生产力 “两个和解” I Abstract Abstract Engels is a great philosopher, thinker, and revolutionist of German. He is a close colleague of Marx and one of the founders of Marxism. The reason why young Engels could obtain a greater philosophical achievements most of them are benefited from his diverse ideological origins.Young Engels has critically inherited Hagel and Feuerbachs thoughts in German classical philosophy, the British classical political economics of Adam Smith and David Ricardo’s thoughts and the thoughts of Saint-Simon, Fourier and Owen, utopian socialism person of the beginning of the nineteenth Century British and French. He had formed the budding of Dialectical materialism view on history and natural,and discussed the positive and negative effects of science and technology transform into productive forces, and expose many vices of private ownership in capitalist society, and ultimately made a reconciliation between man and nature and between man and their own, which is thetwo reconciliations thinking. Although the philosophy of young Engels is still in its infancy sta