核辐射防护原则(国外英文资料).docVIP

核辐射防护原则(国外英文资料) This article is contributed by Xu Guangtian DOC documents may experience poor browsing on the WAP side. It is recommended that you first select TXT, or download the source file to the local view. Principles of nuclear radiation protection Stay away from radiation - detailed instructions Radiation radiation is mainly alpha, beta, gamma ray three: alpha ray is helium nuclei, beta ray is the electron, the two rays due to the small penetration, influence of distance, as long as the radiation source does not enter the body, will not be too big. The penetrating power of gamma ray is very strong, it is a kind of electromagnetic wave with very short wavelength. Electromagnetic wave is a very common radiation, the impact on the human body is mainly determined by the power (related to field strength) and frequency. Radio waves used for communications are low frequency electromagnetic waves, if they vary in frequency from low to high (wavelengths range from short to long) In order, electromagnetic waves can be divided into long wave, medium wave, short wave, ultrashort wave, microwave, far infrared ray, infrared ray, visible light, ultraviolet ray, X ray and gamma ray. With visible light as the boundary, the electromagnetic wave whose frequency is lower than (visible wavelength) visible to the human body is mainly the thermal effect, the frequency is higher than the visible ray, and it mainly produces the chemical effect to the human body. Natural radiation has three sources of natural radiation: cosmic radiation, land radiation and radioactive substances in the body. According to relevant data, the average annual public dose of natural radiation is listed below. Composition of irradiation annual effective dose (MSV) normal background area exposure to elevated region cosmic ray 0.38 2 0.01 0.01 terrestrial cosmogenic radionuclide radiation: external irradiation 0.46 4.3 terrestrial radiation: radiation (except radon radiation: 0.23) 0.6 terrestrial radon and i