清华汉语treebank标注体系.pdfVIP

汉语句法树库标注体系∗ 周 强 清华大学计算机系 智能技术与系统国家重点实验室 北京100084 zhouq@ 摘要：语料库的句法标注是语料库语言学研究的前沿课题。本文在研究和总结国内外句法树库标注实践的 基础上，提出了一套汉语真实文本的句法树标注体系。它以完整的层次结构树为基础，对句法树上的每个 非终结符节点都给出两个标记：成分标记和关系标记，形成双标记集的句法信息描述体系。目前，这两个 标记集分别包含了 16 和27 个标记，对汉语句子的不同句法组合的外部功能分布和内部组合特点进行了详 细描述。在此基础上，我们开发完成了 100 万词规模的汉语句法树库TCT ，对其中各种复杂语言现象的标 注实践显示了这套标注体系具有很好的信息覆盖率和语料适应性。 关键词：句法树库，标注规范，语料库语言学 Annotation Scheme for Chinese Treebank ZHOU Qiang State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems Dept. of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 zhouq@ ABSTRACT: The syntactically annotated corpora, commonly called ‘treebanks’, play an important role in empirical linguistics as well as in machine learning methods in natural language processing. After a brief summarization of several treebank annotation of different language, we proposed a new annotation scheme for Chinese treebank in this paper. Under this scheme, every Chinese sentence will be annotated with a complete parse tree, where each non-terminal constituent is assigned with two tags. One is the syntactic constituent tag, which describes its external functional relation with other constituents in the parse tree. The other is the grammatical relation tag, which describes the internal structural relation of its sub-components. These two tag sets consist of 16 and 27 tags respectively. They form an integrated annotation for the syntactic constituent in a parse tree through top-down and ∗本项研究得到国家自然科学基金（项目号）、国家973 基金（项目号：G1998030507 ， G1998030501A-03 ）、国家高技术研究发展863 计划（项目号：