一般过去时态-讲解.doc

一般过去时态 定义： 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如:last year, yesterday,等；也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often, always等频率副词连用。 注意：Ａ.规则动词的过去式 ①一般是直接在动词的后面加ed； 如：work-worked 工作learn-learned 学习 clean-cleaned 清洁 visit-visited拜访，参观 ②以e结尾的动词直接加d； 1.live-lived居住 2.dance-danced 跳舞 3.use-used 使用 ③以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed　（此类动词较少） 如：study–studied 学习carry – carried 搬动 worry – worried担心 而以元音字母加y结尾的动词的变化规则也是直接加ed 如：play-played 玩 stay-stayed 停留；依靠 ④双写最后一个字母（此类动词非常少） 如：stop-stopped 不规则变化的类型： A---A---A型（HYPERLINK /z/Search.e?sp=S现在式ch=w.search.yjjlinkcid=w.search.yjjlink现在式、过去式和HYPERLINK /z/Search.e?sp=S过去分词ch=w.search.yjjlinkcid=w.search.yjjlink过去分词同形）动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割，切 hit hit hit 打 let let let 让 put put put 放下read read read 读 hurt hurt hurt 伤2. A---A---B型（现在式和过去式同形）beat beat beaten 打3. A---B---A型（现在式和过去分词同形）come came come 来 become became become 变 run ran run 跑4. A ---B ---B型（1）在动词原形后加一个HYPERLINK /z/Search.e?sp=S辅音字母ch=w.search.yjjlinkcid=w.search.yjjlink辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。burn burnt burnt 燃烧learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习mean meant meant 意思 hear heard heard 听见（2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。build built built 建筑 lend lent lent借给lose lost lost 失去send sent sent 送spend spent spent 花费（3）其他pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋say said said 说 bring brought brought 带来buy bought bought 买 think thought thought 想 sleep slept slept 睡keep kept kept 保持 sweep swept swept 扫 stand stood stood 站win won won 得胜 understand understood understood 明白 shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光 catch caught caught 抓住teach taught taught 教 feel felt felt 觉得fight fought fought 战斗find found found 发现 get got got 得到 hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死，挂have had had 有 hold held held 盛，握 leave left left 离开make made made 制造meet met met 遇见sell sold sold 卖 shoot shot shot 射击tell told told 告诉smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅，闻 sit sat sat 坐 dig dug dug 挖5. A---B---C型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同）（1）在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下 steal stole stolen