常减压蒸馏装置嗽邺机械毕业设计说明书.doc

目 录 摘要·························································· 1 英文摘要······················································ 1 说明部分··················································· 2 1.1 前言······················································ 2 1.2 塔设备的概述·············································· 3 1.2.1 常减压蒸馏装置在石油化工生产中的作用···················· 3 1.2.2 常减压蒸馏装置工艺流程及减压塔在装置中的作用············ 4 1.2.3 塔设备的总体说明及结构简图······························ 7 1.2.4 塔设备的所有材料及其结构的论证·························· 9 1.2.5 塔体与裙座的连接········································ 16 1.2.6 塔设备的防震············································ 16 1.2.7 塔设备的技术要求········································ 17 1.2.8 塔设备的安装与检修的技术要求···························· 17 1.2.8.1 工程特点·············································· 17 1.2.8.2 施工程序·············································· 18 1.2.8.3 基础验收·············································· 18 1.2.8.4 现场组对·············································· 18 1.2.8.5 塔设备维护检修········································ 20 1.2.8.6 塔盘板················································ 26 1.2.8.7 填料塔内件············································ 27 1.2.8.8 试验与验收············································ 27 1.2.8.9 日常维护·············································· 29 1.2.8.10 安全环保注意事项····································· 31 塔设备的计算················································ 32 2.1 塔设备的计算条件·········································· 32 2.2 塔设备的材料选择·········································· 32 2.2.1 筒体与封头材料·········································· 32 2.2.2 裙座的材料选择·········································· 33 2.2.3 接管的材料·············································· 33 2.3 厚度的计算················································ 33 2.3.1 厚度的计算步骤·········································· 33 2.3.2 筒体和封头的厚度设计···································· 34 2.4 载荷的计算················································ 35 2.4.1 质量载荷·······················