[2017年整理]管理学原理--第四讲：激励机制.pptVIP

第四讲：组织行为;;授课提纲;解读“企”字;;一、关于人的基础假定;什么是钓鱼？;;什么是激励（Motivation）;激励过程（The Motivation Process）;需求：企业是一个“名利场”;;二、激励理论;本质理论Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory;满意理论Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory;因素类型分析;reinforcers - consequences that, when given immediately following a behavior, affect the probability that the behavior will be repeated managers can influence employees’ behavior by reinforcing actions deemed desirable emphasis in on positive reinforcement, not punishment;（三）激励理论的扩展;三因素理论Three-Needs Theory - McClelland;;目标设定理论Goal-Setting Theory;目标设定理论Goal-Setting Theory;;;; Job Design - the way tasks are combined to form complete jobs historically, concentrated on making jobs more specialized;;Job Enrichment - vertical expansion of job job depth - degree of control employees have over their work empowers employees to do tasks typically performed by their managers;工作特征模型Job Characteristics Model (JCM) - conceptual framework for analyzing jobs;;feedback - degree to which carrying out the job results in receiving clear information about the effectiveness with which it has been performed employee knows how effectively s/he is performing;Job Characteristics Model;Designing Motivating Jobs (cont.);Guidelines For Job Redesign;公平理论Equity Theory;Equity Theory;when inequities are perceived, employees act to correct the situation distort either their own or others’ inputs or outputs behave in a way to induce others to change their inputs or outputs behave in a way to change their own inputs or outputs choose a different comparison person quit their jobs;期望理论Expectancy Theory;;Simplified Expectancy Model;Expectancy Theories of Motivation (cont.);整合的分析