马克思主义原理概论第二章.ppt

;;;实践和认识的主体与客体;(一) 实践和认识的主体和客体;;;;;;实践关系;(二）实践在认识中的决定作用;;无畏的宇宙人;西红柿——“狼桃”;邓小平理论的产生来源于伟大的实践;黄鼠狼是偷鸡的“专家”吗?;;;(一) 唯物主义和唯心主义 对认识的不同回答;坚持从思想、感觉 再到物的认识路线;中国·王阳明;;柏拉图： “灵魂回忆说”;;;（二）辩证唯物主义和旧唯物 主义对认识的不同回答 ;德谟克利特——影像说;亚里士多德——蜡块说;;;;从实践到认识;（一）从实践到认识;;;;;表 象;;　理性认识的形式：概念、判断和推理; 判断是对 事物之间联系 的判定与断明 的思维形式;两小儿辩日;两小儿辩日;两小儿辩日;　理性认识的形式：概念、判断和推理; 感性认识有待于发展和深化 为理性认识; 理性认识依赖于感性认识;曾经猖獗一时的天花病毒;班·达依尔：陛下，我只要……;一个残废！;感觉; 如果割裂了感性认识与理性认识之间的辩证统一关系,就会形成形而上学的思维方法:;;（二）从认识到实践;深圳特区的崛起;从认识到实践，是认识过程的第二次能动的飞跃。;认识必须回到实践中去，这是因为：;理性认识向实践飞跃的条件;;;;;;;;;1.站在两个世界的 边缘 2.这边风景 3.大数据时代 ——生活、工作与思维的大变革 4.等一个人 5.遇见未知的自己 ;;;;;（二）真理的绝对性与相对性;;;;绝对主义： 承认真理的绝对性，否认真理相对性。;;;（三）真理与谬误;;;;;;;实践是检验真理的唯一标准; （一）实践是检验真理的唯一标准;; 实践作为检验认识真理性的标准的确定性即绝对性，是指实践作为检验认识真理性的标准的唯一性。; ; （一）价值及其特性;;;;;;（三）价值评价的功能与树立 正确价值观的意义;;;;;;;历史的回顾：一切从实际出发;;;;;;视频资料：大跃进;Great Leap Forward ;The Great Leap Forward was the name given to the Second Five Year Plan which was scheduled to run from 1958-1963, though the name is now generally limited to the first three years of this period. Mao unveiled the Great Leap Forward at a meeting in January 1958 in Nanning. The central idea behind the Great Leap was that rapid development of Chinas agricultural and industrial sectors should take place in parallel. The hope was to industrialize by making use of the massive supply of cheap labour and avoid having to import heavy machinery. ;Mao saw grain and steel production as the key pillars of economic development. He forecasted that within 15 years of the start of the Great Leap, Chinas steel production would surpass that of the UK. In the August 1958 Politburo meetings, it was decided that steel production would be set to double within the year, most of the increase coming through backyard steel furnaces. ;;Card issued to celebrate the Great Leap Forward ;Take steel as the key link, leap forward in all fields;视频资料：红旗渠;The Great Leap Forward is now widely seen – both within China and outside – as a major econ