医学英语中最常用的前后缀.docVIP

医学英语中单词颇多,但医学英语的学习有个技巧就是学习前后缀,不过医学英语中的前后缀也说实话也有很多的.可还是有一些前后缀是最常用的,掌握了他们你其实可以猜出大部分的医学英语单词的意思.下面小辈列出这些最常用的供参考.1．人体主要器官前缀名称 通用名 前（后）缀 常用形容词 示例心 heart cardiao- cardial cardium/carditis/cardiology脑 brain encepholo- cerebral cerebrum/encephalitis/encephalology肺 lung pulmo- pulmonary pulmontiis/pulmonectomy/pulmonology肝 liver hepato- hepatic hepatitis/hepatobiliary/hepatology胃 stomach gastro- gastric gastritis/gastrointestinal/gastrology胆 gallbladder chole- biliary holecystitis/cholinergic/cholecystectomy肠 intestine entero- intestinal enteritis/enterectomy/enterology脾 spleen splen- splenic splenitis/splenectomy/splenology胰 pancreas pancreato- pancreatic pancreatitis/pancreatectomy肾 kidney nephro- renal/nephric nephritis/nephropathy/nephrology2．与人体系统、器官有关的前（后）缀名称 通用名 前（后）缀 示例血 blood hemo-/hemato hematology/hemoglobin/hematoma血管 vessel vaso- vasopressor/cardiovasology/verebrovascular静脉 vein veno- venography/intravenous/venoconstriction动脉 artery arterio- arteriology/arteriole/arteriosclerosis肌 muscle myo- mycology/myositis/myocarditis髓 marrow myel-/myelo- myelocyte/myelitis/myeloma神经 nerve neur-/neyro- neurology/neuritis/neuron细胞 cell cyto-/-cyte cytology/cytoma/leukocyte尿 urine uro-/ur- urology/urosurgery/urogenital体 body somato-/some somatology/somatopsychic/chromosome 3．与数字有关的前缀数字 前缀 示例一（单） mono-/uni- monomer/monoclone/carbon monoxide/unidirectional二 bi-/di- bilateral/biphasiccarbon dioxide/dipeptide三 tri- trilateral/triphasic/trigeminal nerve四 tetra- tetramer/tetracycline/tetraplegia五 penta- pentagon/pentachromic/pentachloride六 hexa- hexachromic/benzene hexachloride(666)/hexacycliccompiund七 hepta- heptachromic/heptaploid/heptavalent八 octa- octahedral/octal system九 nona- nonapeptide/nonagon十 deca- decade/decagram/decaliter注：十位数的表示一般为：个位数前缀+deca，如：hexadecanol（十六烷醇），tetradecapeptide gastrin（十四肽胃泌素），octadecanoic acid（十八烷酸）4．颜色及与颜色有关的前缀颜色 通用名 前缀 示例色 color chrom-/chromo- chromosome/chromatin/chromatometer红 red erythro- erythrocyte/eryth