英语词汇3新.pptVIP

IV. Word Meaning ;4.1 The Meanings of ‘Meaning’: 4.1.1 Reference（所指） : Reference is the relationship between language and the world. In other words on1y when a connection has been established between the linguistic sign and a referent, i. e. an object, a phenomenon, a person, etc. does the sign become meaningful. The reference of a word to a thing outside the language is arbitrary and conventional.;4.1.2. Concept概念: Meaning and concept are closely connected but not identical. They are both related directly to referents and are notions of the words but belong to different categories. Concept, which is beyond language, is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.;4.1.3. Sense语义: Unlike reference, ‘sense’ denotes the relationships inside the language. ‘The sense of an expression is its place in a system of semantic relationships with other expressions in the language’. Since the sense of an expression is not a thing, it is often difficult to say what sort of identity it is. It is also an abstraction. Every word that has meaning has sense（not every word has reference).; 出题形式：选择，填空 2003 3.The relationship between the linguistic sign and a referent is . (　　　) A．conventional B．non-conventional C．concrete D．specific 答案：A 13.Which of the following statements is true? （　　　） A．Every word has reference. B．Every word has sense. C．Every word is semantically motivated. D．Every word is conceptually motivated. 答案：B;15.The relationship between words and things in the world is established by means of （　　　）. A．reference B．sense C．concept D．Meaning 答案：A 2002 6.Which of the following statements is Not true? A. Reference is the relationship between language and the world. B. The relationship between a word and its referent is arbitrary. C. Concept is universal to all men alike. D. Sense denotes the relationships outside the language. 答案：D;