英美概况7新.pptVIP

斯图亚特王朝1603~1714 ;The House of Stuart;Stuart Britain;Divine Right of Kings (“君权神授”);James I “The wisest fool”;;The Gunpowder Plot of 1605;The Gunpowder Plotters;The Pilgrim Fathers set sail from Plymouth on 16th September 1620 in the ‘Mayflower’ captained by Myles Standish and steered a course for Virginia. The ship was a double-decked, three-masted vessel(三桅帆船). However, a storm blew them off course and they reached land at Cape Cod （科德角，马萨诸塞州）which they subsequently renamed Plymouth Rock. Anchor was dropped on November 21st 1620. ?They reached the site that was to become Plymouth Colony on December 21st and established their own government.;;;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;The Good Ship Mayflower ;Pilgrim Fathers Monument 1924 ;Charles I; Independents, Separatists 独立派，分离派 他们支持新教派主义 （Protestantism）,主张脱离罗马教皇的控制而谋求“宗教独立”。他们中有些人拥护英国国教，被称为（conformists), 有些人不拥护英国国教，要求政教分离（Separate），被称为Nonconformists, 其共性是反对罗马天主教，要求宗教独立。在政治上他们是资产阶级革命的左派，要求建立资产阶级民主制。;Puritans ;The Puritans believed that all men were predestined and the individuals free will played no part in his quest for salvation. 这是清教徒的论调，表面上是否认主观能动性，实际上是否定罗马天主教的控制和所谓“善事”。清教徒认为，一个人无需操心自己的命运，因为上帝早就定好了，个人只需要严格自控、拼命干活、聚集财富，就可以证明自己是上帝的“选民”（the elect)。所以说清教徒的主张比罗马天主教更强调“自立”和个人奋斗。;Catholics;CharlesⅠ and Parliament;The Petition of Right or The New Magna Carta;Bourgeois Revolution in the 17th Century;Bourgeois Revolution in the 17th Century;Processes: A. First Civil War (1642-1646) a. In 1642, King Charles ，leading a troop of swordsmen, marched into the House of Commons to arrest the top leader of the opponents. b. In the first major battle, Charles held back Parliament and establishes headquarters at Oxford. d. In 1645, Cromwell destroyed the Royalist army at Nasby. e. In 1646, Parliament held most of England, and Charles gave himself to the Scottish army which had come to assist the Parliament in the war. f. In 1647, Charles was t