IntroductiontoLinguistics.pptVIP

Introduction to Linguistics;Course Description;It outlines the scope of linguistics, Overview Phonetics and Phonology Morphology and Syntax Semantics Psycholinguistics socio-linguistics pragmatics stylistics computational linguistics Linguistics and EFL teaching ;References;;Lecture One: Overview;Does language change? What is the relationship between language and other areas? ;1.2 What does language mean? It means what a person says or said. e.g “What he says sounds reasonable, but he expressed himself in such bad language that many people misunderstand him.” ;It means a personal dialect e.g Shakespeare’s language, Luxun’s language a particular genre or style in speaking and writing e.g formal language, colloquial language, trade language ;The abstract system underlying the the speech/writing behavior. It refers to every aspect in a language system,e.g pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, spelling, etc. e.g the English/Chinese language first/second language ;1.3 What is language? Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication. Systematic: elements are arranged according to certain rules. E.g bkli ( not an English word) He table a green (not acceptable);Arbitrary: no intrinsic connection between the sense and the reference. “ A rose by any other name would smell as sweet.” E.g book (English), buch (German) shu (Chinese) ;Greetings: Chinese: Ni Hao English: Hello German: Guten Tag Italian: Ciao(qi_ou) Japanese: Kon Ni-qi-wa Spanish: Hola Turkey:Merhaba Polish: Czesc (qie-xi-t);Symbolic: words are associated with objects, actions and ideas in the real world. Vocal: the primary medium for communication of sound for all languages. It comes much earlier than the spoken forms. Human: Language is human-specific. Different from animal communication systems ;1.4 Design features(结构特征): the properties of human language that distinguish it from any animal system of communication. Arbituariness: There is no logical con