核工程专业英语chapter_1_energy.pptVIP

PROFESSIONAL(SPECIAL) ENGLISH COURSENUCLEAR ENERGY; Our material world(物质世界) is composed of many substances distinguished(区别) by their chemical, mechanical, and electrical properties(特性). They are found in nature in various physical states(物理状态)---the familiar solid, liquid, and gas, along with(连同) the ionic plasma (等离子体) However, the apparent diversity(多样性) of kinds and forms of material is reduced by the knowledge that there are only a little over 100 distinct chemical elements(元素) and that the chemical and physical features of substances depend merely on the strength of force bonds(结合) between atoms.;;New words and expressions gravitational, electrostatic, electromagnetic, nuclear force 引(重)力、静电力、电磁力 、核力 ability to do work 做功的本领(能力) stored, released, transformed, transferred, “used” energy 能量的存储、释放、转换、转移、使用 entity 实体 vice versa 反之亦然 review 回顾, 复习 recall 回忆, 回想, 记起 product (quotient, sum, difference) 乘积(商、和、差) potential (kinetic) energy 势(动)能 Newton‘s law 牛顿定律 rest 静止 其余 law(theorem, definition) 定律(定义、定理);;Some related questions: What kind of forms can energy be classified according to the type of force that is acting? What kind of forms can energy be classified according to the primary source? Give some examples of principles of energy storage, release, transformation, transferring, and conservation.;New words and expressions intimate 亲密的, 熟悉的, 私人的 fission 裂变 thermometer 温度计 specific heat capacity 比热 macroscopic 宏观的 microscopic 微观的 Celsius scale 摄氏温标 Kelvin scale 开氏温标 translational motion 平动 Boltzmann′s constant 玻尔兹曼常数(K) proportional to 正比于 appreciate 估价, 理解 inversely proportional to 反比于 prefix 前缀,词首（postfix 后缀，词尾） astronomical 天文的,极大的 submicroscopic 亚微观的;Some relative questions: If the specific heat of iron is 0.45J/g·oC, how much e