高二英人教版语选修六《Unit2PoemsGrammar2》辅导.docVIP

金太阳新课标资源网  HYPERLINK  第  PAGE 3 页 共  NUMPAGES 3 页 金太阳新课标资源网 HYPERLINK  虚拟语气（二） [语法导读] 在上期我们已经给同学们介绍了if条件句中与现在事实相反的虚拟语气的用法，这期我们将继续学习if条件句中与过去、将来事实相反的虚拟语气以及其他虚拟语气的用法。请注意观察并分析下列句子。[来源:Z_xx_k.Com] 1. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she had come, I would have met her. 2. If he were to come tomorrow, things would be easier. 第1个句子中的“没看见”是过去的事实，这样if条件句中的“来”就与过去事实相反，“我看到她”也与过去事实相反。因此，从句的谓语用“had +过去分词”，主句的谓语用“would + have +过去分词”。 第2个句子中从句表达的“来”和主句表达的“是”都与将来事实相反，因此，从句的谓语用“were to +动词原形”，主句的谓语用“would +动词原形”。 [寻规找矩] 请观察下列几组句子，特别要注意其中谓语动词的不同形式。 1. a. If he had studied harder, he would have passed the 2007 NMET. b. Had the weather been good, the children could have gone out for a walk.[来源:学.科.网] 2. a. If I were to win the first prize in the contest, I would treat you to dinner at KFC.[来源:Zxxk.Com] b. If I should be free tomorrow, I would come to see you. 3. a. If he had received six more votes, he would be our monitor now. b. If it hadn’t been for the doctors’ care, I wouldn’t be speaking to you now. 4. a. Without your help (=If we had not had your help), we could not have succeeded. b. He was having a meeting; otherwise he would have come over to help us. c. Under better conditions, the trees could have grown taller and thicker. d. But for the English test, I would have gone home this week. [功能小结] 通过观察分析以上几组例句，我们可以发现与之相对应的虚拟语气的用法： 1. 与过去事实相反：从句的谓语用“had + 过去分词”，主句的谓语用“would / should / could / might + have +过去分词”。当从句的谓语中有should, were, had时，可将if省略，而将should, were, had提前，构成倒装语序。 2. 与将来事实相反：从句的谓语可以用一般过去式，也可用“were to / should + 动词原形”，主句的谓语用“would / should / could / might + 动词原形”。 3. 错综时间条件句：主句的谓语和从句的谓语表示的动作在时间上并不一致，对于这类虚拟条件句一定要注意主、从句各表示的时间，从而判断其谓语用什么形式。 4. 有些句子虽不含条件从句，但意思和条件句差不多，它们通过某些介词短语、副词来表达，如：without, otherwise, under ... conditions, but for等。[来源:学,科,网Z,X,X,K] [即学即练] I. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式完成下列句子。 1. If I had studied hard, I ______ (win) the scholarship now. 2. The Scottish speaks Chinese so well as if he ______ (