初中英语语法梳理和提高——代词讲解试题.docVIP

PAGE  PAGE 11 初中英语语法梳理和提高——代词讲解试题 （一）指示代词：this , that , these , those. this , that (1) this ,these一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物，而that ,those 指较远 （2）前面刚刚提到过的东西，为避免重复，常用that, those 表示。 Im sorry to hear that.The weather in summer is much hotter than that in winter in Beijing. ( 3)下文将要提到的事情， 可用these, this? 表示， 起启下的作用。Tell the children to do like this: knock the stick into the earth first, then tie the tree to it.而that 表示前面所说的事物，有承接上文的作用。He was ill, That is why he didn’t come to school that day. (4) this , that 用作电话用语。--Hello, is that Mary speaking? —Yes, this is Mary speaking. (二)人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 1）人称代词：主格、宾格（作主语为主格， 作宾语为宾格; 介+宾格,动词+宾格。）eg. 1)I thank you )You thank me. 宾格可以作表语。特别是在口语中。--Whos that??-- Its me. 注意： ①人称代词we, you, they 可以用来表示一般人。例如：You cannot go into the hall with slippers. 不准穿拖鞋进入大厅。 ②人称代的主格作表语，一般都在正中的谈话中， 表示强调。 ?It was he who took away the necklace. 是他拿走了那条项链。 ③用she /he 可指代动物或使事物拟人化（人称代词she可以用指代祖国、大地、月亮、轮船等）。 例如： It’s a very good cow, and she gives lots of milk. ?The ship is leaving. Shes on her first trip to Boston.　　????? We love our country, we hope shell be stronger and stronger. ④英语里当主语是并列的几个人时，人称代词的排列顺序是：you and I; you and he/she; you, he/she and I; we and you; we and they; you and they; we, you and they; he and she 通常I在最后， you 在最前；但是， 当受到批评或时承认错误时正好相反，I 在最前， you在最后。 You, he and I are all the winners. I, Li lei and you are wrong. We should do more for the project. It 的用法： ①it 通常用来代替事物或不知道性别的动物，有时也代替婴儿或年幼的孩子。Look at that child. It is very lovely. Who is it ? ②用在强调句中，没有实在意义。 It is he that often helps me do my homework. ③It作为人称代词时，可以表示天气、距离、时间、季节、日期、温度等。 It is about 10 kilometres from here. ④It 还可用作形式主语或形式宾语，来代替由不定式，动词的-ing,形式或主语从句构成的真正的主语或宾语， 以避免句子头重脚轻。It is not easy to learn English well. It is good for you taking a walk after supper. 　　I found it difficult to sleep. 2）物主代词：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 一变(my—mine); 二留(his—his its—its) 三加s(your—yours ; our—ours ; her—hers ; their—theirs) 用法：有名不名，无名是名 eg. This is _____（我的）book. This book is ____（我的）. [ my ; m