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Electroless-plated tin compounds on carbonaceous mixture as anode.pdf

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Electroless-plated tin compounds on carbonaceous mixture as anode

E f Y a b a A R R A A K S C C E L 1 b a i i t I L a a a t d t i i c 0 dJournal of Power Sources 193 (2009) 810–815 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Power Sources journa l homepage: www.e lsev ier .com/ locate / jpowsour lectroless-plated tin compounds on carbonaceous mixture as anode or lithium-ion battery i Ruei Jhana, Jenq Gong Duha,?, Mo Hua Yangb, Deng Tswen Shiehb Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan Material and Chemical Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan r t i c l e i n f o rticle history: eceived 8 September 2008 eceived in revised form 9 March 2009 ccepted 31 March 2009 vailable online 16 April 2009 eywords: n a b s t r a c t A composite anode materials was prepared that contained tin compounds of Sn6O4(OH)4, SnO2 and Sn3PO4 on the surface of carbonaceous mixture mesophase graphite particles (MGP) and nature graphite (NG). The nanosize tin compounds were electrolessly plated from aqueous solutions onto the carbona- ceousmixture. Themorphology and structure of tin compoundswere characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). It was found that the tin compounds particle size was a crucial factor to improve Sn compounds/Carbon composite anodes for cyclability and reversible capacity. The homogeneous dispersion and smaller particle size of tin compoundswas attributed to the additive of NG. As the carbonaceous substrate was C–Cmixture carbon, the particle size of Sn compounds was aboutarbonaceous mixture omposite anode lectroless plating ithium-ion batteries 20–30nm.However, the particle sizewas 100–200nm, as the carbon substratewas singularMGP. Electro- chemical performance test of the Sn compounds/C–C composite electrode shows the maximum specific charge capacity of 583mAhg?1 at the 5th cycle. The charge capacity retention of Sn compounds/C–C electrode was 85% after 20 cycles. The reversible capacity of Sn