ChapterSenserelationsbetweenwords.docVIP

PAGE  PAGE 6 Chapter 7 Sense relations between words Words may be classified according to the relation between their sense. The two majoy types of sense relation between words are synonymy and antonymy Synonymy (同义关系) --similarity:It refers to the words which have nearly the same denotative meaning(外延意义) are synonyms,and the relationship between them is one of synonymy. A synonym refers to one of two or more words in the English language which have the same or very nearly the same essential meaning comment on the traditional definition of synonyms,what’s your definition for synonyms? syn-together noyma-name Synonyms are traditionally defined as word differing in sound form but identical or similar in meaning What is your definition for synonyms? Similarity 2. Types of synonyms:Complete or absolute synonyms,Relative synonyms What do we mean by complete synonyms? Absolute (Complete) Synonyms--are words, which are fullly identical in meaning(which are fullly identical in meaning and interchangeable in all contexts are Complete Synonyms) in all its aspects, i.e. both in grammatical meaning and lexical meaning, including conceptual and associative meanings. Absolute (Complete) Synonyms are restricted to high-specialized vocabulary.For instance, composition / compounding. They have the perfect same meaning in Lexicology. What do we mean by relative synonyms? are similar or nearly the same in denotation but embrace different shades of meaning or different degrees of a given quality, different in affective meaning and stylistic meaning. (relative synonyms are may differ in shades of meaning, in emotional colouring, in level of formality, in collocation, and in distribution) e.g.?Change/alter/varyTake stagger/reel/totter for example. Stagger implies unsteady movement characterized by a loss of balance and failure to maintain a fixed course. E.g. stagger under a heavy load;Reel suggests a swaying or lurching so as to appear on the verge of falling.