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CERN Axion Solar Telescope as a probe of large extra dimensions.pdf

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CERN Axion Solar Telescope as a probe of large extra dimensions

a r X i v : a s t r o - p h / 0 3 1 2 0 3 0 v 2 1 4 A p r 2 0 0 4 IRB-ZEF/52-2003 CERN Axion Solar Telescope as a probe of large extra dimensions R. Horvat, M. Krc?mar, and B. Lakic? Rudjer Bos?kovic? Institute, P.O.Box 180, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia (Dated: February 2, 2008) We explore the potential of the CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST) for testing the presence of large extra dimensions. The CAST experiment has originally been proposed to search for solar axions with a sensitivity supposed to provide a limit on the axion-photon coupling gaγγ ～ 5×10 ?11 GeV?1 or even lower. The expected bound on the coupling constant is by a factor of ten more stringent than the current experimental results. This bound extends for the first time beyond the limit dictated by astrophysical considerations. As a tuning experiment planning to explore the axion mass region up to about 1 eV, CAST would also be sensitive to the existence of Kaluza-Klein massive states. Therefore, the detection of X-rays at least at two pressures may be the signature of large extra dimensions. From this requirement we find that CAST may test (two) large extra dimensions with a (common) compactification radius R down to around 250 nm if mPQ 1/(2R), and down to around 370 nm if 1/(2R) mPQ, where mPQ is the Peccei-Quinn mass. PACS numbers: 11.10.Kk, 14.80.Mz, 96.60.Vg I. INTRODUCTION A few years ago an approach was put forward [1] in which heavy mass scales in four dimensions could be re- placed by lighter mass scales in higher dimensions. Such a class of theories is nowadays conventionally considered in the context of the brane paradigm. In one class of mod- els extra dimensions are felt only by gravity (as well as other fields transforming as singlet under the Standard- Model gauge group); in the other class they are felt also by gauge fields. In the former case, the Standard-Model fields are confined to a (3+1)-dimensional subspace of a higher-dimensional space some dimensions of which are compactified