WHATISBIOMASS.PDFVIP

All organic matter is known as biomass, and the energy released from biomass when it is eaten, burnt or converted into fuels is called biomass energy. Biomass provides a clean, renewable energy source that could dramatically improve our environment, economy and energy security. Biomass energy generates far less air- polluting emissions than fossil fuels. Unlike combustion of fossil fuels, which releases carbon dioxide captured by photosynthesis billions of years ago, carbon dioxide released by biomass is balanced by carbon dioxide captured in the recent growth of the biomass, so there is far less net impact on greenhouse gas levels. WHAT IS BIOMASS? HOW WAS BIOMASS USED IN THE PAST? Ω Biomass was the first fuel mankind learned to use for energy. Burning wood for warmth and cooking and keeping wild animals away. Ω Some of the earliest power plants in America were fueled by wood material. Ω It was an abundant fuel in many parts of the country where logging took place. Ω It burned much cleaner than coal and it was available before abundant oil and natural gas was discovered. Ω Many cultures used animal dung to burn, and some are still doing this today CONVERSION OF BIOMASS INTO USEABLE FUEL ? Gasification Exposing a solid fuel to high temperatures and limited oxygen produces biogas. ? Pyrolysis Heating the biomass can produce pyrolysis oil and phenol oil leaving charcoal. ? Digestion Bacteria, in an oxygen-starved environment can produce methane. ? Fermentation Bio-material that is used to manufacture Ethanol and Bio-diesel by an anaerobic biological process in which sugars are converted to alcohol by the action of micro-organisms, usually yeast. ? Solid Fuel Combustion Direct combustion of solid matter. Contents we focus on ? 一、生物燃料开发的必要性论证 ? 二、生物燃料开发的可行性论证 ? 三、生物燃料开发的成本-收益分析 ? 四、生物质能源开发前景展望 生物燃料开发的必要性 改善生态环境 改善就业结构 扮演大国角色 化解能源风险 国家科技战略 开源节流并举 生物燃料技术开发 基本思路：开源节流并举 ? 对于全球气候变暖问题的解决办法，我们听到最 多的可能就是有关替代能源的讨论了。但环球能 源网认为，解决问题最根本的方法是，减少温室 气体的排放量，将能源的使用量最小化。