Chapter_9_history(V).pptVIP

Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press A Guide to English-Speaking Countries Chapter 9 History V America in the 21st century Hua jin bo（花锦波） Agriculture Energy Production I II CONTENTS Manufacturing Industry III Service Industry Ⅳ Foreign Trade Ⅴ I - Agriculture a. High degree of mechanization b. Few employee c . Meet 60% of the national need 1.1 Characteristic Geological and Hydroecological Conditions： Fig. 1. Schematic map of the zone of Grib Diamond 1.2 Classification a. Stock raising: mild climate soil type (upland areas—sheep farming, flat areas—crop production,wet and warm areas– milk and beef production) two third of agriculture land b. Dairy farming: western England : Britian beef: Scotland, 1996 was crippled by BSE c. Fishing industry : 55% of Britain’s demand of fish major fishing areas II - Energy Production 2.1 Coal mining industry： a. Traditional energy industry b. Provide tens of thousands of jobs c. A quarter of the energy consumed nationally d. Rio Tinto ( one of the world’s largest mining companies) a. New b. 1975(first oil came ashore from the North Sea) c. Self-sufficient, oil exporter d. Peak (mid-1980s) e. Sixth( producer) f. Top ten British companies 2.2 Oil industry: a.1956( first nuclear power plant) b. leader c. 16 nuclear power plant 2.3 Nuclear power: Ⅲ - Manufacturing Industry 30% export, 60% of Britain’s total exports 1.Pharmaceuticals( GlaxoSmithkline, largest) 2.Chemical (TCF , second largest) 3.Food 4. Drink ( Scotch whisky) 5.Eindustry ( fifth largest) 6.Automobile industry (foreign-owned) 7.British Steel Corporation (fourth largest) Ⅳ - Service Industry 4.1 Background: after the war ,economy have been a further decline, but service industry grow quickly. 4.2 Classification: a. Financial system: oldest, most extensive, most highly developed. Employs one million people, 6% of nation’s wealth