英文语法第十讲特殊句型.docVIP

第十讲　特殊句型 　　　　　　强调句型 1．强调句的基本结构及用法 (1)基本句型： It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who... It is only by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled. 只有通过倾听和相互理解， 孩子和父母之间的问题才可能被解决。 (强调方式状语) (2014·福建高考单项填空)It was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad. 是文化而不是语言使他很难适应国外的新环境。 (强调主语) (2)一般疑问句形式： Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他？ (2014·四川高考单项填空)Was it because Jack came late for school that Mr. Smith got angry? 是因为杰克上学迟到使史密斯先生生气的吗？ (3)特殊疑问句形式： 特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that＋其他？ When was it that he made up his mind to take this course? 他是什么时候决定选修这门课程的？ [易错警示] 如果由特殊疑问词引导的强调结构在句中作宾语从句时， 从句必须使用陈述语序， 不可用疑问语序。 瘙
嚔)He asked me who it was that took his umbrella by mistake. ,他问我是谁错拿了他的雨伞。 (4)含有not... until... 的强调句型： It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that... It was not until near the end of the letter that she mentioned her own plan. 直到信的末尾她才提到她自己的计划。 2．强调谓语动词 强调谓语动词时， 要在所强调的谓语动词前加助动词do, does或did。 The family did manage to send him to a technical school. 家里的确设法让他上技术学校。 　　　　　　倒装句 1．部分倒装 部分倒装是指把谓语的一部分(助动词、系动词或情态动词)置于主语之前。 这类句型主要有以下几种形式： (1)当否定词或带有否定意义的词或短语位于句首时， 常用部分倒装。 这类词或短语有： little, few, never, seldom, rarely, by no means, not only, not until, at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, in no way, no sooner, hardly, scarcely等。 Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it. 不仅要给那些找工作的人提供帮助， 而且也要给那些有需要的人提供医疗保健服务。 (2)当only修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时， 用部分倒装。 (2014·湖南高考单项填空)Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others. 只有当你找到内心的平静时你才能与他人保持良好的关系。 (3)so/neither/nor置于句首时， 用部分倒装。 ①“so＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语” 表示前面所说的肯定情况也适合于另一人或物， 意为“……也是如此” 。 —I’ve got an enormous amount of work to do. ——我有大量的作业要做。 —So have I. ——我也如此。 ②“neither/nor＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语” 表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一人或物， 意为“……也不这样” 。 This is not my story, nor is it the whole story. My story plays out differently. 这并不是(关于)我的故事，