硫磺熏蒸中藥材问题的历史文献考察.doc

硫磺熏蒸中药材问题的历史文献考察 赵铮 (研究生院，天津中医药大学，天津　300193) 作者简介:赵铮(1982-),女(汉族),天津人,现为天津中医药大学大学在读博士研究生,硕士学位,主要从事中国医学文献及文化研究工作. 中文摘要： 针对近期硫磺熏蒸中药材问题日益凸显乃至严重化的现状，本文通过对古今各类文献的考察梳理，大致追溯了硫磺熏蒸中药材的当代、近现代和古代的历史脉络。发现我国利用硫磺熏蒸来实现对物品增白杀虫的目的至少有四个世纪的悠久历史，将其应用于药材的加工也有至少一个多世纪的时间，硫熏工艺在中药材加工中的逐步广泛应用也大概始于二十世纪初，到二十世纪后半叶才开始出现滥用的趋势。所以，硫磺熏蒸中药材并不是自古就有的中药材加工方法，应该寻求更好的方法以逐步淘汰硫熏工艺。 关键词：硫磺熏蒸、中药材 Zhao Zheng, A Historical Literature Search of the Sulfur fumigation issue of Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicines Abstract： Recently Sulfur fumigation issue of Chinese herbal medicines has become increasingly prominent and serious. This paper roughly traces the contemporary, modern and ancient historical sequence of sulfur-fumigated traditional Chinese herbal medicines by a searching and combing work through various types of literature, including The Chinese Pharmacopoeia，relevant norms of Chinese herbal medicines work, research papers, and ancient writings, etc. This paper found that the use of sulfur fumigation for the purpose of whitening and insecticide in china began four centuries ago; the processing applied to Chinese herbal medicines also has a history at least more than a century of time. The widely use of sulfur fumigation in Chinese herbal medicine processing probably began in the early twentieth century, and the trend of perverted use began to appear in about the second half of 20th century. So sulfur fumigation is not the traditional Chinese medicine processing method since ancient times, we should be looking for better ways to phase out sulfur fumigation process. This literature search can provide references for further study on fumigation research of Chinese herbal medicines and also the development of related standards. Key words：sulfur fumigation; traditional chinese herbal medicines 硫磺本身就是有较强毒性的药物，虽然硫磺熏蒸对中药材的外观和加工贮藏起到了一定的积极作用，但现代研究证明硫磺熏蒸后中药材的化学性质多有改变乃至影响药材的性味和功效，还会残留硫化物、砷、汞等重金属，长期大量服用这种中药饮片会对人体造成损害。近年来国内和国际上硫磺熏蒸中药材的问题日益凸显乃至严重化，国家相关部门已经开始着力解决。文章通过对药典、中药材相关规范著作、研究论文以及古代典籍等文献的考察梳理，采用倒叙的方法，按照当代