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Analysis and design of direct contact membrane distillation.pdf

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Analysis and design of direct contact membrane distillation.pdf

Journal of Membrane Science 523 (2017) 301–316 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Membrane Science journal homepage: /locate/memsci Analysis and design of direct contact membrane distillation J. Deshpande, K. Nithyanandam1, R. Pitchumani? crossmark Advanced Materials and Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0238, United States ARTICLE INFO Keywords: Direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) Exergy analysis Exergy destruction Fiber packing Potable water ABSTRACT Direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) is an attractive thermal based desalination technique because of its potential to provide high rejection rates, simple construction and low construction cost. Clean water recovery rate and thermal e?ciency of DCMD are the two most important metrics governing its design that are strongly in?uenced by the temperature polarization e?ects and parasitic heat losses. The objective of the present study is to conduct a systematic numerical analysis focusing on exergy destruction inside the module. Information obtained from the numerical analysis is used to derive design windows on operational and geometric parameters to maximize recovery ratio with constraints on exergetic e?ciency. For highest exergetic e?ciency, the inlet stream Reynolds number for saline as well as permeate is found to be 300, and the inlet temperature of the saline stream is found to be 363 K while maintaining the permeate temperature at dead state temperature of 298 K. 1. Introduction Climate change and ever-increasing demand from the domestic and industrial entities have placed a tremendous strain on the water bodies. The stress has resulted in irregular and limited supply of potable water to the a?ected areas [1,2]. Dependency on precipitation makes it worse in areas such as California in the United States, resulting in persistent drought like conditions [3]. Additionally, strain on local water bodies leaves little to n