5A语法的知识点归纳.docVIP

5A部分语法知识点归纳 一、名词复数读音归类 1.浊辅音和元音后s读 /z/:flowers swings shoes 2.清辅音(/p/ /k/ )后s读/s/:　masks bikes cakes caps ducks grapes maps lamps 3.以ce,se,ge等结尾的词加 -s　读 /iz/: horses houses vases oranges 以s,sh,ch,x 等结尾的词加-es 也读/iz/: buses watches boxes 4.以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y 为i再加es　 读 /z/ studies families babies 5.s在[t]后与[t]一起读[ts]: toilets streets plates parents 6.s在[d]后与[d]一起读[dz]: slides birds hands 二、重点句型理解点睛 1．like 后加名词要注意 1）直接加可数名词复数，表示喜欢一类物品（是泛指） Do you like puppets? Do you like masks? Do you like pumpkin lanterns ? 2)名词前加定冠词the 或this ,that 表示喜欢某件(某些)特指的物品。 Do you like this/that/the mask? Do you like this/that/the pumpkin lantern? Do you like the puppets(这些木偶) ? Do you like the masks(那些面具)? Do you like the pumpkin lanterns(这些南瓜灯笼) ? 2． like后加动名词,即动词+ing ,表示喜欢做某事。 Do you like making puppets? ???????? Do you like making masks? ???????? Do you like dancing ? ???????? Do you like singing *动词加ing 的规律 1)双写尾字母加 ing swim ——swimming run---running jog ---jogging 2)直接加 ing row--rowing ski—skiing cook--cooking climb---climbing 3)去掉末尾不发音的e 再加 ing skate ---skating dance---dancing have---having 3．Can 后要加动词原形，表示能/会做某事。 Can you make puppets? Can you sing? Can you dance ? 4、How many …s are there in/on/near…? ????????? 这句话是询问……上面/里面/附近有多少……? ????????? How many 意思是多少,后面跟可数名词复数. ????????? 回答要根据实际情况: ????????? 1)如果只有1个,用There is a /an …回答 ????????? 2)如果不只1个,用There are …回答. 5某处有某物或某人。There be 句型 1）??????????? 单数：There’s a/ an…+介词短语 2）??????????? 复数：There’re some/many.. +介词短语 3）??????????? 不可数的：There is some /... +介词短语 注意：be(is,are )的形式得符合英语中的就近原则，就是说靠近be 的主语是单数或不可数名词用is ,如果靠近be 的主语是复数就用are 如： There is a pen ,two pencils ,three rulers and some cards in his pencil-box. =There are some cards ,a pen ,two pencils and three rulers in his pencil-box. 6.某处是否有某物？( 1)单数:Is there a/an…in/on/near…? 回答是：Yes ,there is ./No ,there isn’t . 2)复数:Are there any … in/on/near/behind …? 它必须用名词复数。 回答是：Yes, there are./No,the