(实例解析）全面解读托福阅读小结题的答题技巧和方法.docVIP

【实例解析】全面解读托福阅读小结题的答题技巧和方法 文章内容小结题，顾名思义，是对全文内容的总结，考察的是对文章主旨和段落主旨的把握。正确选项是一些总结性的选项，错误选项的特点是：与原文不符，原文没有提到，或者是次要信息。次要信息也就是文中提到的某个细节性的信息，次要信息的选项具有极大的干扰，同学们在做题时应注意识别。那么文章主旨和段落主旨怎么判断呢，我们可以结合文章标题和题目的引导句来判断文章主旨，段落主旨可以直接看段首句，段首句通常是段落的主旨句。非常重要的一点是，我们要充分利用前面做过的题目。我们在前面的做题中已经对各个段落的主旨有了一个大致的了解了。 下面我们以The Arrival of Plant Life in Hawaii这篇文章来讲解一下文章内容小结题的做题技巧。 After the formation of the Hawaiian Islands, much time passed before conditions were suitable for plant life. Answers Choices ○Algae are classified as symbiotic because they produce energy through the process of photosynthesis. ○The first successful plants on Hawaii were probably lichens, which consist of algae and fungi living in a symbiotic relationship. ○Lichens helped create favorable conditions for the growth of spore-producing plants such as ferns and mosses. ○Seed-bearing plants evolved much later than spore-producing plants, but both types of plants had evolved well before the formation of the Hawaiian Islands. ○Unlike spores, seeds must move to new habitats in order to have a strong chance of survival and growth. ○Seed-bearing plants arrived and spread quickly in Hawaii, thanks to characteristics that increased their seeds’ ability to survive and to move to different areas. 文章标题是植物生命来到夏威夷，引导句说夏威夷岛出现很久之后，才形成适合植物生存的条件。我们可以看出这篇文章就是在说夏威夷岛上的植物。 先来看第一个选项，○Algae are classified as symbiotic because they produce energy through the process of photosynthesis，这个选项提到了海藻和共生关系，第二题问地衣中的真菌如何获益于它们与海藻的共生关系，也提到了海藻和共生关系，我们看看能不能通过这一题来判断这个选项，选项说海藻被认为是共生的是因为它能通过光合作用产生能量，我们做这一题时是定位到文中这句话——These are not single individual plants; each one is a symbiotic combination of an alga and a fungus. The algae capture the sun’s energy by photosynthesis and store it in organic molecules. The fungi absorb moisture and mineral salts from the rocks, passing these on in waste products that nourish algae，说地衣是海藻和真菌组成的共生体， 海藻获取太阳的能量并将它储存起来，所以海藻本身并不能产生能量，而是获取并储存能量，所以这个选项是错误的。再看第二个选项○The first successful plants on Hawaii were probably lichens, which consist of alga