优秀毕业论文（设计）_年产30万吨合成氨厂氨回收工段的工艺设计.docVIP

摘 要 氨作为最重要的化工原料之一，氨的合成及回收在化工生产中占有及其重要的地位，其产量在化工生产中居首位，同时也是耗能大户。氨主要用于农业，也是化肥工业的基础。因此,为了避免化工产业产生的大量含氨气体对环境和人体的损害，需要采用一定的方法来吸收排放出来的氨并使之达到排放标准。 本设计简述了年产30万吨合成氨厂氨回收工段中对氨的回收及提纯的过程，利用Aspen Plus化工模拟软件对氨吸收塔、换热器、蒸氨塔进行模拟计算。根据设计要求对蒸氨塔进行了优化，绘制了蒸氨塔优化图。同时对整个流程进行的物料衡算和热量衡算，对整个流程中的热负荷进行计算。并且对典型设备进行了设计，如蒸氨塔和换热器用PIDCAD化工绘图软件绘制了氨回收过程中回收工段的管道及仪表流程图。 关键词：氨的回收；模拟计算；工艺流程图；设备； Abstract Ammonia is mainly used for the basis of agriculture, but also the fertilizer industry. At the same time, ammonia is also an important industrial base in organic and inorganic chemistry raw materials, synthetic ammonia and recycling economy occupies a pivotal position. Therefore, in order to avoid a large number of ammonia-containing gas chemical industry to produce damage to the environment and human health, we need a certain method to absorb emissions from ammonia and allowed to meet emission standards. The design of 300,000 t/a of synthetic ammonia plant ammonia recovery section of the process of recovery and purification of ammonia using Aspen Plus simulation software for chemical ammonia absorption tower, heat exchanger, steam ammonia tower simulation. According to the design requirements for ammonia evaporation tower optimized drawn Ammonia Stripper optimization Fig. Material balance and heat balance of the entire process carried out at the same time, the entire process heat load calculation.And typical equipment for the design, such as ammonia steam towers and heat exchangers. Draw the piping and instrumentation diagram ammonia recovery section of the recovery process with PIDCAD chemical drawing software. Key words: Recovery of ammonia; simulation; a process flow diagram; equipment; 目录 摘 要 1 Abstract 2 目录 3 1. 绪论 5 1.1 氨的物理化学性质 5 1.2 氨的用途 5 1.3 氨的生产原料 5 1.4 国内外合成氨现状 5 1.4.1 国外合成氨工业发展现状 5 1.4.2 国内合成氨工业发展的现状 6 1.5 氨回收工艺的简介 7 1.6 过程模拟 7 1.6.1 化工过程模拟简介 7 1.6.2 化工过程模拟系统的构成 8 1.6.3 化工过程模拟的应用 8 1.6.4 Aspen Plus软件概述 9 1.7 Aspen Plus软件