高中英语语法讲解虚拟语气高英语语法讲解虚拟语气高中英语语法讲解虚拟语气高中英语语法讲解虚拟语气.docVIP

高中英语语法讲解--虚拟语气 1. 语气的定义和种类 （1）语气的定义 语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 （2）语气的种类 A. 陈述语气 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。 We are not ready. Did it rain all day yesterday? What a fine day today！ B. 祈使语气 表使说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。 Be careful. Don’t forget to close the window. Open the door, please. C. 虚拟语气 表使动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。 2. 虚拟语气 （1）辨别if 引导真实条件句和if引导的虚拟条件句的区别 If he has time, he will go with us.= Probably he has time and will go with us. If he had time, he would go with us.=But in fact he has no time. （2）虚拟条件句中主句和从句的谓与动词构成形式如下表 if条件句中的谓与动词 主句的谓与动词 与现在的事实相反 1. 行为动词用did 形式 2. be动词用were should would could + 动词原形 might 与过去的事实相反 had + done should would could + have + done might 与将来的事实相反 1. 行为动词用did 2. should + 动词原形 3. were to + 动词原形 should would could + 动词原形 might （3）混合时间的虚拟语气 如果条件句中的动作和主句的动作不是同时发生，主句和从句的谓语动词的形式应分别根据各自所表示的时间加以调整。 1. If I had received the passport yesterday, I would start today. 2. If he had telephoned me last night, I would see him now. 3. If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be all right now. 4. If China had not been liberated, the working people would still be leading a miserable life. 5. If he had listened to me, he ______ be in such trouble now. A. haven’t B. would not C. had not D. would haven’t 答案：5. B （4）should/ could / might/ ought to + have done 表示“过去本应该/可以做而实际上却没做” needn’t have done 表示“过去没必要作而实际上做了” 1. Wang Fang _______ college last year. Unfortunately, he couldn’t take the examinations because of a sudden illness. A. could go B did go C. could have gone D. must have gone 2. The plant is dead. I _______ it more water. A. will give B. would have gone C. must give D. should have gone 3. I could have done better if I ________ more time. A. have had B. had C. had had D. will have had 4. He ______ told you that. A. needs not have B. needn’t have C. needn’t has D. will have had 5. You ________ it to your father. Why not？ A. would tell B. should tell C. would have told D. should hav